Taksonomi Bloom merupakan objektif pendidikan yang digunakan oleh pendidik untuk mengukur dan meningkatkan kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi pelajar dalam pembelajaran. Terdapat tiga domain utama yang perlu dicapai iaitu kognitif (kemahiran intelektual), afektif (kemahiran generik) dan psikomotor (kemahiran praktikal teknikal). Malahan, domain ini diklasifikasikan mengikut enam aras berbentuk piramid yang disusun dari aras rendah hingga ke aras tinggi. Ia merangkumi aras pengetahuan, pemahaman, aplikasi, analisis, sintesis dan penilaian. Sejak ia diperkenalkan oleh Benjamin Bloom pada tahun 1956, terdapat pelbagai kajian Barat yang membincangkan tentang kekuatan dan kelemahan Taksonomi Bloom. Namun, bagaimana pula kedudukan Taksonomi Bloom menurut perspektif Islam. Oleh itu, artikel ini membincangkan kritikan Barat dan pandangan Islam terhadap taksonomi Bloom. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif di mana data akan dianalisis melalui kaedah deskriptif. Hasil kajian mendapati terdapat kritikan dan penambaikan dari kajian lepas yang menfokuskan taksonomi Bloom kepada empat tema: (1) susunan hierarki, (2) pengelasan struktur, (3) kegunaan dan (4) keperluan kepada taksonomi yang baru sesuai dengan arus pembelajaran abad ke 21. Kajian ini juga dilihat sebagai pemangkin awal bagi meluaskan bidang pengukuran Islam dalam sistem pendidikan di Malaysia.

Tafsir Sufi Ishariy is one of the types of the Quranic exegesis based on interpretations of verses that differ from the classical commentaries. This research aimes to define Tafsir Sufi Ishariy, Ibn ‘Ajibah and his life. The paper as well extrapolates Tafsir Sufi Ishariy for Quranic verses in the book which related to the issue of the methods of practice. The methodology for this research in analyzing information depends on the descriptive and critical approach. The findings indicate that the Tafsir Sufi Ishariy by Ibn ‘Ajibah partly match and partly contradict the conditions of Tafsir Sufi Ishariy in this issue. In fact, if Ibn ‘Ajibah limited his interpretation to his Ishari Batiniy views without authorization of the commentaries outwardly, there would have been no differences between him and the doctrine of Shiites Batiniyyah. However his scholarly Tafsir, his confirmation of commentaries outwardly and his condemnation of Batiniyyah understanding make his Tafsir Ishariy valid and well concerned.

The research aims to define Tafsir Sufi Ishaari and Tafsir Al Bahr Al-Madid by Ibn Ajibah (1809). The research as well will extrapolate Tafsir Sufi Ishaari for Quranic verses in the book which related to the issue of the heart purification. The methodology-for this research in analyzing information depends on the descriptive approach, and on collecting all facts and information. It also uses the analytical and criticism approach by matching the scholarly conditions of acceptance regarding Tafsir Sufi Ishari with what was interpreted by Ibn Al Ajibah. Then compare, evaluate and criticize it. Therefore, the findings indicate that the Tafsir Sufi Ishari-which is one of the types of the Quranic exegesis based on interpretations of verses contrasts the classical commentaries- by Ibn Ajibah in the issue of the heart purification that matching the conditions were based on two foundations. Firstly: The Tafsir Sufi Ishari was interpreted accordingly to general verses meaning and exegesis. Secondly: The relationship between Tafsir Sufi Ishari to al-Ma'thur is like the relationship causes and effect. The study also revealed that the contradictions with conditions ion Tafsir Sufi Ishari in this issue are based on three foundations. Firstly : interpretations of Ibn Ajibah were so far from the common use of Arabic understanding. Secondly: The interpretations made were analogous compared to other normal exegesis. Thirdly: to generalize some issues which are strictly individuals. In facts, if Ibn Ajibah limited his interpretation to his Ishari views there is no differences between him and the doctrine of Shiites Batiniyyah!, But our trust in his scholary' Tafsir, his confirmation of classical interpretation and his condemnation of Batiniyyah understanding make his Tafsir Ishari valid and well concerned.

Tafsir Sufi al-Isyari is the commentary related to the implied symbol behind the utterance of the Quran and not the explicit meanings. The purpose of this research is to define Tafsir Sufi al-Isyari and compare it with Tafsir Batiniah, Tafsir Sufi of Philosophy, and Tafsir Scientific Ishari. The researcher used comparison and critic methods to conduct this research. As a result, the opinion of Sufism experts about Tafsir Sufi al-Isyari is different with the exegesis of the Quran by Batiniah’s group. This is because, Batiniah’s group did not acknowledge outwardly of the Quran but they only acknowledge inwardly. Hence, they interpret the Quran internally by their bad intentions. However, Sufism expert recognize the outwardly of the Quran as they recognize the internal of the Quran. Moreover, this research also found that Tafsir Sufi of Philosophy is built by premise of philosophy that contain in the mind of Sufi at the early stage, then the Quranic verses is stated after that. As for Tafsir Sufi al-Isyari is not related to premise of philosophy, but it is related to the spiritual training which are performed by Sufi members. Besides that, Tafsir Scientific al-Isyari is the interpretation that contain signals related to the nature that can be found in the al-Quran. It is also the interpretation by symbol of modern knowledge and new discoveries. In contrast with Tafsir Sufi al-Isyari, it is the interpretation by hidden symbol that comes from the heart of righteousness, kindness and knowledge during recitation of the Quran.

Some exegetes explained the Qur’anic verses about the mercy of Allah through ṣūfī al-ishārī (mystical allegorical allusion) interpretation which is one of the exegetical approaches to describe the meaning of the Qurʾān. This interpretation is based on hidden symbolic imagery contrary to the conventional interpretation of the Qurʾān. The purpose of this article is to extrapolate the concept of raḥmat Allāh (the mercy of Allah) in Quranic verses with reference to tafsīr ṣūfī al-ishārī. This research is based on the textual study by using content analysis method in criticism and evaluation. The paper opines that adopting tafsīr ṣūfī al-ishārī in the concept of the mercy of Allah is in agreement with the conditions of conventional tafsīr.