The global outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on societies worldwide. The implementation of a nationwide lockdown as a measure to control the spread of disease has resulted in economic instability, which has had a significant impact on the livelihood of the general population, particularly vulnerable groups such as transgender women or trans women. The primary objective of this study was to explore the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemicon Malay transgender women within the context of the lockdown measures implemented in Malaysia. This study employed in-depth interviews, using a semi-structured interview protocol, to gather data from a sample of eleven localMalay trans women residing in southern Malaysia. By identifying and describing emergent patterns across data through the search for implicit and explicit themes pertinent to the study's objectives, thematic analysis was utilised. This study identified seven prominent themes: (1) job struggle and loss of income; (2)forced to use saving to survive; (3) food insecurity due to severe financial constraint; (4) impact on accommodation; (5) financial burden to support others; (6) reliance on aid and (7) reluctance in getting financial aid due to presumed stigma and discrimination. This study provides evidence that the implementation of lockdown measures during the COVID-19 pandemic had a significantimpact on the economic well-being of Malay transgender women in Malaysia. Further research is needed to explore the post-pandemic status of individuals, with a special focus on their health and psychosocial well-being.

To reviews whether healthcare-monitoring systems for lymphatic treatment of leg pain fits any requirement related on its selected classification. Some reviewed articles will be asses to provide a relatable explanation regarding computational intelligence, double-loop feedback theory, healthcare system and healthcare monitoring system. Each criteria provide a basic strength to fit in healthcare monitoring system for lymphatic treatment of leg pain issues. The article comparison will produce profound results with proper justification to be embed in healthcare monitoring system for lymphatic treatment of leg pain. If the comparisons fit certain requirement on healthcare system, it will be applied into the system in a meantime.

Risk stratifications for pregnant women are made based on patients personal history during booking visit at primary health care setup. Pregnant women that are classed as ‘low risk pregnancy’ were treated as normal pregnancy and follow a standard antenatal care. The aim of our study is to observe the demographics of low risk pregnant women in Klinik Kesihatan Ampang, Malaysia and their pregnancy outcomes. The study is part of a prospective cohort study conducted among 47 low risk pregnancies, known as ‘The effect of BPV in the maternal and neonatal outcome’. All participants were followed up until delivery and postpartum data gained from patients and clinic. The sample comprised of 28 primigravidas (59.5%) and 19 multigravidas (40.5%). At the end of the study, 3 subjects (6.4%) developed hypertension and one of them developed severe preeclampsia, 1 subject (2%) developed placenta previa and gestational diabetes mellitus and 3 subjects (6.38%) PPROM. Majority of them delivered via SVD and 36.2% delivered via EMLSCS. 10.6% delivered LBW baby, 8% are premature baby and 14.9% born with low Apgar score. Pregnant women that were classed as low risk pregnancy still at risk of getting obstetric complications as well as the neonates from normal pregnancies. This study contributed to an overview of pregnancy outcome among the low risk pregnant women in Ampang, Malaysia. The findings revealed that a low risk pregnancy does not ensure or predict a normal pregnancy outcome. Considering the various potential negative maternal and neonatal outcomes, this group of mothers should be given thorough medical and social attention as an effort to improve their pregnancy outcome.

Fenomena peningkatan transgender di Malaysia atau dikenali dengan gelaran ‘mak nyah’ semakin membimbangkan. Terminologi ‘transgender’ mungkin tiada dalam Al-Quran dan masih belum wujud pada zaman Rasulullah, namun isu dan permasalahan tentang mukhannathtelah mula dibincangkan pada zaman tersebut. Mukhannathmerupakan perkataan Bahasa Arab yang berasal daripada kata akar ‘kha na tha’yang bermaksud lembut. Menurut istilah, mukhannathbermaksud lelaki yang berperwatakan wanita dan definisi ini mengandungi persoalan adakah ia mempunyai perkaitan dengan golongan transgender pada hari ini. Kertas kerja ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji definisi mukhannathdaripada perspektif Al-Quran dan Al-Sunnah serta menentukan sama ada transgender termasuk dalam pentakrifan mukhannath. Kajian berbentuk kualitatif ini menggunakan kaedah penelitian teks atau dokumen. Penyelidik melakukan penelitian terhadap ayat-ayat Al-Quran dan pentafsirannya serta hadis-hadis yang mengandungi perbincangan tentang mukhannath. Kajian mendapati perkataan mukhannathtidak disebut secara langsung dalam Al-Quran, namun ia disebut dengan jelas dalam beberapa hadis Nabi SAW. Kefahaman yang tuntas tentang mukhannathmelalui Al-Quran dan Al-Sunnah dapat menerangkan tentang status dan kedudukan golongan transgender menurut Islam serta pendekatan nabawi dalam berhadapan dengan golongan ini

Religious discrimination refers to beliefs, attitudes, and acts that denigrate or deny equal treatment to individuals or groups based on one’s religious identity. There have been reports on increasing religious discrimination occurring in the workplace. Among others were the banning of the hijab, a head scarf for Muslim women, and the prohibition of performing prayer. This situation is despite Malaysia being a majority Muslim country. A study was conducted to measure the prevalence of religious discrimination, the profiling of employers, and workplace condition. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire involving 402 working females aged 18 to 59 from peninsular Malaysia. Results showed that as many as 12.5% of respondents reported difficulty finding time to pray at work. Hijab prohibition in the workplace occurred among 5.7% of Muslim women. Within this percentage, 60.9% were from the private sector, 36.4% were in the education field, and 27.3% were in hotel management and hospitality. In addition, 14.5% of respondents believed they were denied a promotion at the workplace due to religious identity. Finally, as many as 7.5% of respondents reported that their religious identity had negatively influenced their relationship with their employer. Interestingly, proper facilities were not provided at the workplaces for performing religious duties in 32.9% of respondents who shared the same religion with their employers as opposed to only 30.9% of respondents whose employers have different faith facing the problem. There is a pressing need for legal recourse in addressing religious discrimination against women in Malaysia. Islam is the religion of the Federation. Therefore, workplaces must accommodate the employees’ needs to fulfil their pastoral responsibilities.

Child abuse cases were underreported, despite increased calls to social helplines during the COVID-19 lockdown. This literature review highlights global child abuse cases during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aims are to identify the prevalence of different child abuse types and discuss the factors associated with increased child abuse during the COVID-19 pandemic.Electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect were searched. The review showsan increase in all four types of child abuse based on several studies, committed mainly by parents. Sexual abuse and child neglect were more prevalent in low-income countries as children were forced to self-exploitation to ensure continuous resources during this pandemic. Several factors contributed to this surge in child abuse cases, such as parental stress secondary to lockdown measures, financial issues, and increased exposure to abusers. The increase in incidences of child abuse during the COVID-19 pandemic is primarily due to social and financial restraints. Hence, this review is anticipated to assist the stakeholders with strategies to halt the escalation of child abuse

The lockdowns or ‘movement control order’ especially during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic had impacted all walks of life in Malaysia, including the transgender community. This study aimed to explore the psychosocial impact of lockdown regulation during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic on Malay trans women or Mak Nyah in a southern state in Malaysia. This is a qualitative study with semi-structured, in-depth interviews and thematic analysis. 11 local Malay trans women aged 33 to 50, participated using purposive snowball sampling, starting with a local outreach worker. Six salient, interrelated themes were identified, namely: (1) Fear of the pandemic; (2) The psychological impact of lockdown; (3) The social impact of lockdown; (4) Family as a main concern during lockdown; (5) Transgender community as a source of support; and (6) Concerns about own health. Although the lockdown had considerable psychosocial impact, the close relationship among the local trans women community has alleviated some of the hardship. The COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown imposed psychosocial challenges impacting Malay trans women in a southern state in Malaysia. Being in a local transgender network provided invaluable moral support, relieved loneliness and offered some solutions for financial burden during the lockdown.