Human life is constantly evolving and technology helps with the advancement. In many Muslim societies such as in Malaysia, halal and haram issue is a sensitive concern not only not only with regard to foods but also medical materials and devices. Many medical issues highlighted involve the use of drugs mixed with non-halal materials or impurities such as pigs, carcasses and corpses. The use of drugs is also an issue in the field of dental treatment such as Biogide®, EmdoGain® and Bio-Oss®. The absence of a fiqh principle model for dental treatment, especially involving these materials complicates doctors’ treatment of patients in order to know whether these substances are authorized by Islamic rules or otherwise. This study analyses guidelines used in the application of drug and medical devices derived from non-halal materials. The approach used in this study is based on a study of the Quran, Sunnah, views of the Ulama' and the analysis of contemporary fatwas. The results show that the use of non-halal devices in dental treatment is prohibited except in emergencies. The use of non-halal materials is also prohibited if the recovery is medically dubious. Advice of pious Muslim doctors is also demanded before treatment.

Makalah ini bertujuan menelitiperintah Allah ke atas para pemerintah untuk mengutip zakat daripada golongan yang layak serta membahaskan aplikasi dan kaedah penguatkuasaan zakat yang menjadi amalan pemerintah Islam sejak di zaman Nabi Muhammad s.a.w, para khulafa' al-rashidin serta beberapa pemerintahan Islam selepasnya. Aspek utama yang akan dibincangkan adalah pendekatan yang digunakan para pemerintah kerajaan Islam tersebut dalam mengurus dan mengumpul harta zakat daripada masyarakat Islam; adakah tertumpu melalui kaedah dakwah dan penerangan semata-mata ataupun melalui kaedah-kaedah lain yang lebih tegas. Kajian ini adalah kajian kualitatif menggunakan metode kajian analisa kandungan bagi mengumpulkan maklumat berkenaan perintah Allah ke atas pemerintah untuk memungut zakat. Kaedah ini juga digunakan untuk mendapatkan data berkaitan amalan penguatkuasaan zakat ketika zaman kegemilangan pemerintahan Islam bermula sejak zaman Nabi Muhammad s.a.w sehingga ke beberapa zaman pemerintah Islam selepas kewafatan baginda. Hasil kajian ini mendapati bahawa pendekatan pendidikan dan dakwah diaplikasikan oleh para pemerintah Islam terdahulu ketika umat Islam masih menjadi golongan minoriti iaitu ketika zaman awal kedatangan agama tersebut. Manakala kaedah masyhur yang seringkali digunakan oleh Nabi Muhammad s.a.w dan beberapa pemerintah Islam selepasnya adalah melalui penguatkuasaan lebih tegas iaitu mengutuskan amil untuk mengutip zakat secara langsung daripada masyarakat Islam dan bertindak tegas terhadap golongan yang enggan menunaikan zakat.

Philanthropic behavior refers to the act of being generous, kind, and helpful to fellow human beings. Due to the increasingly challenging economic development in today's technological era, people have to find ways to improve the strategy of empowering the economic jihad in society, especially the Muslim society. This study aims to examine the relationship between philanthropic attitude towards economic jihad and the strategy of empowering economic jihad in the context of the development of the Muslim community. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between the society’s philanthropic attitude, in particular the Muslim society, and their knowledge in enhancing the economic strategy in Malaysia. The respondents of this study consist of 500 working people (216 males and 284 females) in Klang valley while the research instrument used is a questionnaire that consists of 37 question items. The period of the study was within 6 to 12 months. The results of this study were presented as a descriptive data analysis. The findings as a whole show that respondents' perceptions regarding philanthropic phenomena in Malaysia are at a high level. Philanthropic attitude is closely related to the Islamic economy, and with this attitude, the Muslim community can compete with other races in enhancing the economy and advance along with other Asian countries. At the end of the study, several suggestions have been forwarded to enhance the level of knowledge and understanding amongst students and communities regarding philanthropy. This noble attitude needs to be instilled and nurtured in every human being, and hence, should be fostered from an early age so that the concept can be fully understood by future generations.

Wakaf ialah apa-apa harta yang ditahan hak pewakaf ke atas harta tersebut daripada sebarang urusan jual beli, pewarisan, hibah dan wasiat, ada masa yang sama mengekalkan sumber fizikalnya untuk kebajikan dengan niat mendekatkan diri pewakaf kepada Allah SWT. Di Malaysia, wakaf ditadbir oleh Majlis Agama Islam Negeri (MAIN) di negeri masing-masing. Namun, dewasa ini wakaf sering dikaitkan dengan masalah tadbir urus rentetan daripada kelompongan yang terdapat dalam tadbir urus institusi wakaf itu sendiri. Seiring dengan kebangkitan institusi wakaf mutakhir ini, maka panggilan ke arah pengamalan tadbir urus yang baik dan amalan terbaik wakaf semakin terserlah. Ini kerana amalan terbaik tadbir urus yang baik perlu diadaptasi oleh MAIN lantaran ia merupakan antara faktor kejayaan yang bersifat kritikal untuk menghidupkan semula institusi wakaf di Malaysia. Artikel ini bertujuan membincangkan transformasi tadbir urus Majlis Agama Islam dan Adat Istiadat Melayu Perlis (MAIPs) selaku institusi yang menguruskan wakaf di negeri Perlis. Kajian ini berbentuk kualitatif dan menggunapakai reka bentuk kajian kes. Dalam menganalisa data kajian, penulis menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan. Data kajian dikumpul melalui dokumen dan temu bual separa struktur bersama pegawai-pegawai wakaf di MAIPs. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa MAIPs telah melalui beberapa fasa transformasi tadbir urus yang positif dalam menguruskan wakaf di Perlis. Kejayaan tadbir urus yang diimplementasikan oleh MAIPs merupakan bukti bahawa MAIPs bersikap proaktif dalam mengurus dan mentadbir wakaf di negeri Perlis. Implikasi kajian ini dapat membantu pembuat dasar, pentadbir dan pengurus institusi wakaf untuk menambahbaik sistem tadbir urus yang sedia ada agar wakaf dapat dimartabatkan dan dimanfaatkan untuk umat Islam di Malaysia secara keseluruhannya.

Malaysian Muslims are very sensitive to matters involving the law of halal and haram, especially in terms of food and drink. Quran and Hadith are the paramount basis for solving all problems, regardless of the places, circumstances and time range. Texts of the Quran and Sunnah are mostly of a general nature to facilitate the development of general principles and laws. These general principles will facilitate legal classification of the cases to date, including in connection with the treatment of materials or tools derived from the treatment of non-halal substances such as Biogide®, Emdogain® and Bio-Oss®. This study examined the current fatwas and principles of fiqh related to non-halal treatment that can be used as a guide for medical and dental practitioners. Information for this study was obtained from an analysis of fatwas, books of jurisprudence, medical scholars, Islamic jurists and experts’ opinion in connection with the use of dental treatment such as Biogide®, Emdogain® and Bio-Oss® in modern dental treatment. The study found a number of principles of jurisprudence that can be used in connection with necessity and limitations when performing a treatment using non-halal substances such as Biogide®, Emdogain® and Bio-Oss® , mamely, is Al-Darurat Tubihu al-Mahzurat (emergency justifies the unlawful means) , Al-Darurat Tuqaddaru Biqadariha (something that is permissible due to emergency must be adapted equally with the rate of emergency) and Istihalah (changing one state to another i.e. from haram to halal).