Browsing by Author "Wan Abdul Fattah Wan Ismail,"
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Publication Al-qarinah (circumstantial Evidence) And Its Capacity In Criminal Cases, Munakahat And Wealth Convictions According To Islam(Science and Engineering Research Support Society, 2020) ;Lukman Abdul Mutalib, ;Wan Abdul Fattah Wan Ismail,; ;Abd Hamid Abd Murad ;Kamarul Arifin Mohd Wafa ;Mohd Faisal Mohamed,Asmawati SuhidThe most crucial goal of the Islamic judicial system is to uphold justice. Reasonable judgment is a form of justice. Judgment signifies judging in a prudent, meticulous, accurate and appropriate manner as Allah Almighty has determined. According to the law, the claimant or prosecution must prove his or her claim. There are several types of proof methods. Among them is al-Qarinah. Al-Qarinahin language means sign. From a terminology perspective, it is a description of the situation that reached the level of confidence. Nonetheless, scholars differ in the extent to which al-qarinahis accepted in the law conviction, especially in the case of hududand qisas. The Islamic evidence law is, in fact, dynamic and current. It is entirely independent ofits reality and its environment. It demands change in keeping with the rapid development of science and technology. Today most of the evidence for criminal cases such as adultery, rape, theft and so on is not proven by syahadah, pledge or oath, but it is calling for al-Qarinah. Science and technology have changed human civilization and their attitudes. Crime is increasingly complex and challenging to prove. At the same time, the discovery of science is becoming more and more powerful. DNA evidence, fingerprints, blood tests, CCTVs and more have replaced the role of syahadah, pledge even when the evidence presented by al-Qarinahis sometimes more accurate and convincing. Therefore, this paper attempts to evaluate fuqahapractices of al-qarinahand to obtain a distinct illustration of its position as a method of proving in Islam. The research method used is the literature study which is to evaluate the past and current texts related to al-Qarinahusing comparative and descriptive techniques. The findings of the research show that al-Qarinahwas adopted as a law conviction from a trivial issue to a hududproblem. Keywords: al-Qarinah; al-Qarinah al-Qati’ah; circumstantial evidence; description of the situation - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Document Falsification/Forgery from the View of Islamic Jurisprudence and Malaysian Law(Al-Jamiah Research Centre of Sunan Kalijaga State, 2020) ;Wan Abdul Fattah Wan Ismail, ;Ahmad Syukran Baharuddin, ;Lukman Abdul Mutalib,Although the scholars of Islamic jurisprudence discussed the importance of document and its strength as a mean of proof, they did not discuss the issue of forgery unless slightly compared with the scholars of law. This is due to its limited extension and uses in the period of times. And with the frequent use of them in our time, the debates have extended towards several circumstances either to attempt for or to deny a forgery. Therefore, this research is conducted to study the document falsification from the perspectives of Islamic Jurisprudence and Malaysian Law. It is also to explain the definition, procedure and methods to identify the crime and its punishment. The study used inductive and content analysis methods on previous scholars’ opinions, discussions and explanation from two different legal institutions. This study found the following important results: The are many forms of forgery occur in this era and can be classified either as material or incorporeal fraud. Several implications have been issued against the forgery crime in the Malaysian Penal Code, such as imprisonment, lashes and fines. The Islamic jurisprudence and the Malaysian Evidence Act 1950 has established several methods to verify the validity of documents such as confession, testimony, expert opinion, and oath, but the opinion of the expert is the most important means in verifying the authenticity and originality of documents. This study also found that the Malaysian Evidence Law did not discuss the oath as a mean to verify documents. As analysed, the method to verify documents discussed in the books of jurisprudence is very different from that of the Malaysian Evidence Act 1950, which specifies the conditions of documents and the number of witnesses, but the law does not specify the number of witnesses and impose conditions only. [Meskipun para ahli tata hukum Islam membahas pentingnya sebuah dokumen sebagai alat bukti, namun mereka kurang membahas persoalan pemalsuan dokumen sedalam para ahli hukum konvensional. Hal ini terkait dengan terbatasnya waktu dan kuantitas penggunaan, sehingga frekuensi penggunaannya memunculkan debat yang panjang, baik yang menerima atau yang menolak soal pemalsuan. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini membahas pemalsuan dokumen dari perspektif tata hukum Islam dan hukum nasional di Malaysia. Artikel ini juga menjelaskan definisi, prosedur, dan metode identifikasi kejahatan ini serta hukumannya. Penulis menggunakan metode induktif dan analisis isi pada opini, perdebatan, dan penjelasan dari dua institusi hukum yang berbeda. Kajian ini menyimpulkan adanya beragam bentuk pemalsuan dewasa ini, baik material atau non material. Beberapa aturan hukum telah dikeluarkan di Malaysia dan sangsi nya seperti penjara, cambuk dan denda. Peradilan Islam dan Undang Undang Saksi Tahun 1950 telah menetapkan beberapa metode untuk validasi dokumen seperti: pengakuan, testimoni, pendapat ahli, dan sumpah, namun pendapat dari ahli masih merupakan cara utama untuk verifikasi keautentikan dan keaslian dokumen. Artikel ini juga menemukan bahwa peraturan hukum di Malaysia belum membahas sumpah sebagai alat verifikasi dokumen. Juga metodenya berbeda antara yang ada di dalam buku teks dengan Undang Undang 1950 yang lebih fokus pada kondisi dokumen dan jumlah saksi, padahal di dalam hukumnya tidak memperhitungkan jumlah saksi, hanya kondisinya saja.] Keywords: Fiqh of Forensics, Forensic Science, Shariah, Al-Qarinah - Some of the metrics are blocked by yourconsent settings
Publication Penggunaan Analisis Kualitatif (Presumptive Test) Dalam Proses Pembuktian Bagi Merungkaikan Permasalahan Fiqh Isu-Isu Terkini Syariah dan Undang-Undang(Penerbit USIM, 2018); ;Wan Abdul Fattah Wan Ismail, ;Nur Mohammad Hadi Zahalan, ;Lukman Abdul MutalibMohammad Amir Wan HarunPeranan analisis kuantitatif dan kualitatif dalam sains forensik adalah salah satu elemen penting dalam standard prosedur operasi. Kajian lepas menemukan bahawa salah interpretasi dari bukti saintifik yang dikemukakan boleh membawa kepada pelbagai implikasi besar terhadap kes. Aplikasi sains forensik dalam kerangka perundangan Shariah memerlukan bukan sahaja pengamalan, malah pemahaman yang jitu dan tepat. Rujukan-rujukan perundangan Shariah perlu dilihat dari konteks yang lebih mendalam bagi menambahkan kefahaman. Kajian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif bagi mencapai objektif. Metode analisa kandungan telah dilakukan terhadap dua buah teks rujukan perundangan Shariah, al-ṭuruq al-ḥukmiyyah oleh Ibn al-Qayyim dan tabṣirat al-ḥukkam fi ‘usūl al-‘aqdiyah wa manāhij al-aḥkām oleh Ibn Farḥun. Kajian ini juga telah menemukan bahawa terdapat metode analisa secara kualitatif yang telah dilakukan bagi mendapatkan bukti dan menyelesaikan beberapa kes. Analisa-analisa tersebut boleh difahami sebagai konsep-konsep asas sains serta boleh diistilahkan sebagai presumptive test dalam sains forensik. Jika dilihat dari kerangka lebih luas, konsep-konsep ini boleh disamakan atau dengan lebih mudah diqiyaskan kepada metode-metode analisa kualitatif dalam sains forensik yang wujud pada zaman terkemudian dan selari dengan prinisip-prinsip asas sains forensik. Kajian menyimpulkan bahawa, analisis-analisis kualitatif (presumptive test) dalam menyelesaikan konflik-konflik pada masa silam menunjukkan prioriti yang diberikan oleh rujukan-rujukan Shariah yang berautoriti dan juga kebijaksanaan sarjana dalam melakukan penelitian terhadap kes. Kewujudan ini tidak lainnya adalah untuk memberi pemahaman yang lebih tepat dan memberi ruang penyempurnaan keadilan melalui kaedah pembuktian dalam menyelesaikan sesuatu kes.