Comparison of Gut Microbiota Between Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients and Healthy Population Across the Three Major Malaysian Ethnic Groups in Ampang, Selangor

Geetha A/P K. Letchumanan

Publication:
Comparison of Gut Microbiota Between Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients and Healthy Population Across the Three Major Malaysian Ethnic Groups in Ampang, Selangor

datacite.subject.fos	Medical and Health sciences::Health sciences
datacite.subject.fos	Medical and Health sciences::Clinical medicine
dc.contributor.advisor	Siva Gowri Pathmanathan [Supervisor]
dc.contributor.author	Geetha A/P K. Letchumanan
dc.date.accessioned	2024-06-11T06:06:33Z
dc.date.available	2024-06-11T06:06:33Z
dc.date.issued	2023-05
dc.description	Matric: 3192539(FPSK) -Restricted until May 2026
dc.description.abstract	Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and the leading cause of death in Malaysia. Accumulating evidence suggests that dysbiosis in the gut microbiota composition plays an important role in the pathogenesis of several metabolic disorders including T2DM. However, in Malaysia, the association between the gut microbiota composition of the multi-ethnic community with T2DM remains unexplored. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the gut microbiota composition in T2DM subjects when compared to non-diabetic subjects (nonDM) among the three major ethnic groups in Malaysia i.e., Malays, Chinese and Indians. This case-control study consisted of 45 T2DM and 45 nonDM participants, matched by ethnicity (N=90). The composition of gut microbiota was investigated using 16S rDNA sequencing targeting the V3 – V4 hypervariable regions. Phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria were found to be dominant across all study groups. Alpha diversity measures found significantly reduced diversity in the overall T2DM group. Also, a significant difference in beta diversity between the T2DM and nonDM groups was reflected in Malay and Indian ethnicity. In comparison to the respective nonDM groups, T2DMs had increased prevalence and/or abundance of phyla Proteobacteria, Synergistetes and genus Escherichia-Shigella as well as the reduction of genera Anaerostipes, Fusicatenibacter and Clostridium. In addition, the altered clinical characteristics found among T2DMs, i.e., age, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea, creatinine, and triglyceride (TG) associated positively with phylum Proteobacteria as well as genus Escherichia-Shigella specifically with age, BMI, urea and TG. On the other hand, negative correlations were observed between BMI, FPG and TG with genus Anaerostipes, BMI and TG with genus Fusicatenibacter along with FPG and TG with genus Clostridium. This study also conducted a systematic review to summarise the existing evidence related to microbiota composition and diversity in prediabetic (preDM) and newly diagnosed T2DM (newDM) individuals in comparison to nonDM. In a total of 18 studies (5,489 participants), the preDM and newDM individuals exhibited low gut microbial diversity along with a decreased abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Roseburia, Dialister, Flavonifractor, Alistipes, Haemophilus, Akkermansia muciniphila and increased abundance of Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Escherichia, Veillonella and Collinsella. Lactobacillus was also found to positively correlate with FPG, HbA1c and HOMA-IR. In conclusion, findings from this study have provided us with a better insight into the diversity and composition of the diabetic gut microbiota in a multiethnic Malaysian population, while the systematic review has improved our understanding of gut microbial dysbiosis during the early stages of glucose intolerance.
dc.identifier.citation	Geetha A/P K. Letchumanan. (2023). Comparison of Gut Microbiota Between Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients and Healthy Population Across the Three Major Malaysian Ethnic Groups in Ampang, Selangor [Master’s thesis, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia]. USIM Research Repository.
dc.identifier.uri	https://oarep.usim.edu.my/handle/123456789/19093
dc.language.iso	en_US
dc.subject	Ethnic
dc.subject	Gut microbiota
dc.subject	Non-diabetic subjects (nonDM)
dc.subject	Type 2 diabetes (T2DM)
dc.subject	Cardiovascular diseases
dc.subject	Dysbiosis
dc.subject	Faecalibacterium prausnitzii
dc.subject	Roseburia
dc.subject	Dialister
dc.subject	Flavonifractor
dc.subject	Alistipes
dc.subject	Haemophilus
dc.subject	Akkermansia muciniphila
dc.subject	Lactobacillus
dc.subject	Streptococcus
dc.subject	Escherichia
dc.subject	Veillonella
dc.subject	Collinsella
dc.title	Comparison of Gut Microbiota Between Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients and Healthy Population Across the Three Major Malaysian Ethnic Groups in Ampang, Selangor
dc.type	text::thesis
dspace.entity.type	Publication
oairecerif.author.affiliation	Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia