Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keperluan komunikasi Bahasa Arab untuk tujuan kerjaya sebagai staf perpustakaan di Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM). Analisis ini dilakukan beradaptasikan teori Analisis Keperluan Bahasa untuk Tujuan Khusus oleh Hutchinson & Waters (1987), terdiri daripada tiga elemen, iaitu: Keperluan (Needs), Kekurangan (Lacks) dan Kehendak (Wants). Berdasarkan teori tersebut, borang kaji selidik dibina dalam dua bahagian, pertama berkaitan latar belakang responden dan kedua berkaitan persoalan situasi-situasi yang perlu (Needs) berkomunikasi Arab, jurang kekurangan (Lacks) kemahiran komunikasi Arab dengan keperluan sebenar, dan kehendak (Wants) responden daripada kursus komunikasi Bahasa Arab. Responden kajian (N 28) terdiri daripada staf perpustakaan USIM yang berkhidmat di dua kaunter utama, iaitu kaunter Penasihat Pengguna dan kaunter Sirkulasi. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan tahap keperluan mereka terhadap kemahiran komunikasi Arab adalah sangat tinggi dan positif, pada empat fungsi utama dalam pelbagai situasi, iaitu pertanyaan, permohonan, penerangan dan perbualan umum. Manakala jurang kekurangan (lacks) kemahiran komunikasi Arab adalah agak ketara. Ini memberi implikasi bahawa penyediaan sesuatu modul kursus komunikasi Arab keperpustakaan perlu mampu merapatkan jurang ini dengan memberi penekanan terhadap apa yang mereka belum kuasai dan perlu kuasai untuk kerjaya mereka. Ini disamping meraikan kehendak (wants) mereka yang menyentuh aspek penyediaan modul dan psikologi peserta melalui pendekatan pengajaran yang mudah dan menarik.

Tourism is now a growing trend in the age of technology, whereby all information related to tourism can be easily accessed through smartphones. Malaysia is no exception to being a focused country as a popular Islamic tourism destination. However, there was insufficient tourism-related information, especially on Muslim tourists via smartphone. Hence the present article conducted a systematic literature review on the design and development of Islamic tourism applications via smartphones focusing on the Android platform. This study selected related articles using three databases: EBSCOhost, Mendeley, and Google Scholar. Based on the thematic analysis, this review has five main themes, namely 1) Islamic tourism; 2) technology; 3) mobile application; 4) barriers; and 5) management. The findings prompted the design and development of a smartphone application that addresses all of the needs of tourists, mainly Muslim tourists. This study also contributes to the use of technology and mobile application in teaching and learning Arabic for specific purposes such as tourism.

The linguistic aspect is one of the essential components of the Khutbah, significantly impacting the text's formation as a coherent structure that contributes to persuasion and influence. However, it depends on fulfilling textual criteria, including syntactical and lexical cohesion. Thus, the research aims to examine the availability of linguistic cohesion tools in the Friday Khutbah text by Muhammad Said Ramadhan Al-Buti, with an indication of its function at the level of interdependence and correlation between the components of the Khutbah grammatically and lexically. The research utilizes the descriptive analytical method in reaching its primary objective by investing the textual linguistics or grammar in the light of the cohesion criteria that take the characteristic of consistency and continuity in the Khutbah. One of the study's most important findings is that the Khutbah was characterised by employing two main tools of grammatical cohesions, namely reference: indicative and conscientious, and linking with various forms: additional, affective, reversal, and causal. The tools of lexical cohesion in the Khutbah are represented in repetition (complete, partial, and parallel) and the link with the relationship of correspondence and antagonism, similarity, synonymy, and complementarity. These cohesion tools perform five functions: formation of the Khutbah and the connection between its parts, linguistic economy, confirmation of the meaning of a single idea, clarification and elaboration of the focus of the Khutbah, and expansion by integrating several ideas into one theme. Considering this, the preparation of the Friday Khutbah should consider these cohesion tools with other textuality criteria to ensure the success of the message delivered to its recipient.

The Quran including the Qiro?t Qur?niyah is an authentic source of naqli in the formulation of the Arabic grammatical rules together with the Hadith and expressions of native Arabs. However, it was found that several uses of this resource language is seen to contradict with the grammatical rules drawn by Arab grammarians. This situation resulted in various reactions and negative interpretations amongst the past scholars of Arab syntax, not to mention from orientalists such as ‘Abdallah ‘Abd al-Fadi in his book “Is the Qur’an Infallible?”, which claimed that there are grammatical errors in the Islamic holy book. Therefore, to answer these allegations, an Arabic linguistic approach was proposed by adapting Prince and McCathy's Optimality Theory (OT) based on the main principle that grammatical rules are not mandatory, but are contraints that can either be obeyed or refuted. After the adaptation process, two types of optimality were classified in the ungrammatical Arabic resource language structure framework which were Usage Optimality and Grammatical Optimality. It measures the extent to which the level of grammar or sentence structure diverge or conform to the elements of optimality (aqli). Through this analysis, the language struture will also be supported with other types of Arabic materials from other sources (naqli) to identify if the grammar violation is related to the process of Arabic language development, as is the case with other languages of its group (Semitic Languages), or involves semantic elements/meaning that the speaker wishes to convey to the target audience. Hence, it is hoped that this approach will become a linguistic analysis approach that is friendlier to the nature of language, to harmonise the viewpoints and negative interpretations toward the use of ungramatical Arabic resource language, to then answer negative perceptions of the orientalists or the claims made about the weaknesses and errors of grammar in the Al-Quran.

Kaedah nyanyian adalah kaedah pengajaran yang menggunakan lagu dan irama sebagai alat bantuan bagi mencapai objektif sesi pembelajaran. Kaedah nyanyian mempunyai keberkesanan dalam membantu meningkatkan prestasi akademik pelajar dalam subjek Bahasa Arab. Terdapat perbezaan yang ketara dihadapi oleh pelajar setelah diterapkan kaedah nyanyian dalam kelas, yang mana mereka dapat menguasai topik yang diajarkan dengan lebih baik dan efisien hanya setelah menggunakan kaedah nyanyian. Maka, secara umumnya jelas bahawa kaedah pengajaran menggunakan teknik nyanyian ini memberikan impak positif kepada pelajar secara khususnya dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Arab. Oleh itu, kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan untuk meneroka pandangan pelajar tentang faktor-faktor lain yang memainkan peranan dalam membantu meningkatkan keberkesanan sesi pembelajaran selain daripada modul dan kaedah pengajaran itu sendiri. Pengumpulan data dijalankan secara temu bual bersemuka dan analisis tematik digunakan bagi menganalisis data kajian. Pengkaji menjalankan temubual ke atas sepuluh orang responden kajian yang merupakan pelajar tahun satu program Sarjana Muda Pendidikan Islam, Fakulti Pengajian Bahasa Utama, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia. Pelajar-pelajar ini mengaplikasikan kaedah nyanyian bagi menguasai kursus Nahu Gunaan 1 dalam Bahasa Arab. Hasil kajian menyimpulkan terdapat empat faktor luaran lain yang memberi kesan kepada keberkesanan kaedah nyanyian iaitu i) peranan guru, ii) peranan rakan-rakan, iii) peranan alat pengajaran (lagu), iv) peranan topik pembelajaran. Kesimpulannya, kaedah nyanyian ini mempunyai tahap keberkesanan yang berbeza ke atas pelajar bergantung kepada cara peranan-peranan ini dimainkan.

A study on the development of the i-Tourism smartphone application needs to be carried out to meet the needs of the Islamic and Shariah related tourism sector in Malaysia as well as enhancing the Arabic language as the learning medium and practical use in daily life. This study is conducted to examine the i-Tourism application, whose effectiveness is assessed by experts from the aspects of usability, ease of use, user satisfaction, and the technology of this application by using Fuzzy Delphi method (FDM) analysis. The research findings show that the experts rejected most of the items found in the four aspects, namely application usability, ease of use, user satisfaction, and application techniques. According to experts, the application developed is not too unique, and the information provided can still be accessed through a Google search. Some experts stated that the developed application seems to be still at an early stage because it does not have a lot of information and functions. As for the relation to learning and teaching Arabic, this mobile application is an output product based on research-based analysis which was enhanced and developed from theoretical aspects and phases of Arabic for specific purpose (ASP)

Graciousness, tolerance and affection are part of Universal Social Moral Values (USMV) which is one of the substantial elements in human development, where it is able to create a balanced and harmonious human being in terms of intellectual, spiritual, emotional and physical regardless of religion, race and belief. However, the application of these social values is not clearly seen in the Arabic syntax curriculum even though the main source of the curriculum is from the Quran which loaded with values. Therefore, this study will analyse the verses of the Qur'an that convey the three USMVs: graciousness, tolerance and affection. To prove the universality of these values, this study will match the themes of social values according to the major religions in Malaysia such as Christianity, Hinduism and Buddhism. To achieve these objectives, a qualitative approach is implemented using content analysis to describe the USMV found in the Quran deductively and inductively. The findings of the study reveal thirteen surahs which are Al-Isra’ (17:23, 28), Toha (20:44), Al-Hujurat (49:2), AlBaqarah (2:263), Asy-Syuura (42:43), Al-Imraan (3:133,134,159), Al-Jaathiyah (45:14), An-Nur (24:22), At-Taghaabun (64:14), Al-Balad (90:17), Ar-Rum (30:21), Al-Maidah (5:82), and AlMumtahanah (60:7). These ayats consist of declarative noun and verb phrases, command phrases, prohibition phrases, and expectation verb phrases. This study also proves that these ayats may be deployed as curriculum material for Arabic-Quranic syntax values in the framework of value-based education.

Teknologi moden hari ini telah mencapai satu tahap yang luar biasa di mana pelbagai aktiviti harian manusia hari ini tidak akan terpisah dengan teknologi. Penggunaan telefon pintar adalah antara kesan penggunaan teknologi yang sangat pesat setiap tahun termasuklah dalam sektor pelancongan. Berdasarkan Singapore’s Crescent Rating dan United State’s Dinar Standard, Malaysia merupakan antara negara Islam pilihan utama pelancong Muslim terutamanya dari Timur Tengah yang menggunakan bahasa Arab sebagai bahasa pengantar. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menjalankan kajian awal mengenai pembangunan aplikasi telefon pintar pelancongan Islam yang menggunakan medium bahasa Arab bagi memudahkan mereka untuk melancong di Malaysia dan mendapatkan akses pelancongan kesihatan dan perubatan, pelancongan perniagaan, pelancongan halal dan pelancongan pendidikan. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah Design Development Research (DDR) sebagai metodologi untuk untuk menganalisis aplikasi yang sedia ada dan menilai keberkesanan penggunaan aplikasi telefon pintar i-Tourism dalam kalangan pelancong Arab di Malaysia.

Kebimbangan bahasa (Language Anxiety) adalah keadaan resah, gementar dan tidak tenang yang dialami oleh seseorang pelajar semasa mempelajari dan menggunakan bahasa kedua atau bahasa asing. Kebimbangan bahasa ini turut dihadapi oleh pelajar yang ingin mempelajari Bahasa Arab, selari dengan kedudukan Bahasa Arab yang dikategorikan sebagai antara bahasa yang sukar untuk dikuasai secara keseluruhan. Fenomena kebimbangan bahasa ini mempunyai kesan negatif terhadap perkembangan pembelajaran pelajar sehingga mengakibatkan pelajar tidak dapat menguasai kemahiran berbahasa dengan baik. Maka, kajian ini dijalankan bagi mendapatkan pandangan pelajar tentang faktor utama yang memainkan peranan dalam mengurangkan tahap kebimbangan bahasa pelajar dan seterusnya meningkatkan prestasi akademik pelajar. Sampel pelajar (N = 10) dipilih daripada pelajar tahun satu Ijazah Sarjana Muda Pendidikan (Pendidikan Islam), Fakulti Pengajian Bahasa Utama (FPBU) di Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM). Sampel yang dipilih merupakan mereka yang mempunyai tahap kebimbangan bahasa yang sederhana atau tinggi menurut borang soal selidik FLCAS (Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale). Pengkaji telah menemubual 10 orang pelajar bagi mendapatkan pandangan mereka tentang peranan utama yang perlu dimainkan dalam meningkatkan keberkesanan pembelajaran Bahasa Arab. Data dianalisis menggunakan kaedah tematik kod dan tema responden. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa guru mempunyai peranan yang sangat penting dalam mengurangkan tahap kebimbangan bahasa para pelajar di dalam kelas. Antara peranan yang perlu dimainkan adalah dari sudut psikologi pembelajaran (35.7%), emosi guru (28.5%), pemilihan kaedah pengajaran (21.4%) dan karakter guru (14.3%).

Kebimbangan bahasa (Language Anxiety) adalah keadaan resah, gementar dan tidak tenang yang dialami oleh seseorang pelajar semasa mempelajari dan menggunakan bahasa kedua atau bahasa asing. Kebimbangan bahasa ini turut dihadapi oleh pelajar yang ingin mempelajari Bahasa Arab, selari dengan kedudukan Bahasa Arab yang dikategorikan sebagai antara bahasa yang sukar untuk dikuasai secara keseluruhan. Fenomena kebimbangan bahasa ini mempunyai kesan negatif terhadap perkembangan pembelajaran pelajar sehingga mengakibatkan pelajar tidak dapat menguasai kemahiran berbahasa dengan baik. Maka, kajian ini dijalankan bagi mendapatkan pandangan pelajar tentang faktor utama yang memainkan peranan dalam mengurangkan tahap kebimbangan bahasa pelajar dan seterusnya meningkatkan prestasi akademik pelajar. Sampel pelajar (N = 10) dipilih daripada pelajar tahun satu Ijazah Sarjana Muda Pendidikan (Pendidikan Islam), Fakulti Pengajian Bahasa Utama (FPBU) di Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM). Sampel yang dipilih merupakan mereka yang mempunyai tahap kebimbangan bahasa yang sederhana atau tinggi menurut borang soal selidik FLCAS (Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale). Pengkaji telah menemubual 10 orang pelajar bagi mendapatkan pandangan mereka tentang peranan utama yang perlu dimainkan dalam meningkatkan keberkesanan pembelajaran Bahasa Arab. Data dianalisis menggunakan kaedah tematik kod dan tema responden. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa guru mempunyai peranan yang sangat penting dalam mengurangkan tahap kebimbangan bahasa para pelajar di dalam kelas. Antara peranan yang perlu dimainkan adalah dari sudut psikologi pembelajaran (35.7%), emosi guru (28.5%), pemilihan kaedah pengajaran (21.4%) dan karakter guru (14.3%).

Arabic syntax has long captivated scholars and researchers, encompassing its inception, elucidation, application, and evolution over time. However, insufficient attention has been given to the aspect of reform, particularly in recognizing the contributions of early modern Arab scholars who were not products of Western academic education. Hence, this research endeavors to illuminate the work of one such reformer, Mahdi Al-Makhzumi. Its focus lies in examining his impartial perspectives on the pivotal concepts and notable traits essential for guiding the revitalization of Arabic syntax. This study adopts a descriptive-analytical approach, scrutinizing Al-Makhzumi's contributions in this domain alongside pertinent scholarly works, within the context of linguistic and grammatical analysis. A significant revelation from this exploration is the foundational necessity for the rejuvenation of Arabic syntax, pivoting on two core tenets: firstly, the liberation from inherent flaws within the philosophical-logical method, and secondly, the imperative of defining grammatical research with a primary emphasis on the sentence and its meanings. Al-Makhzumi's assertion of the sentence as the smallest unit of meaningful speech, even in the absence of supporting parts, stands as a cornerstone of his approach to revitalizing grammar. His method also advocates simplicity by restricting focus solely on nominal and verbal sentence categories. Furthermore, it delineates that Dhammah indicates Isnad, Kasrah signifies addition, and Fathah, while not carrying any intrinsic syntactic meaning, is a favored grammatical marker within Arab linguistic conventions.

The studyaims to investigate the origins of Modern Islamic Literature (MIL) thinking among Arab pioneers and their efforts in revealing the features of this literature. The study employed the historical inductive method by tracing the pioneers’ works and studies that dealt with the MIL. One of the most important findings of this study is Ali Al-Nadawi started the thinking of MIL. Then Sayyid Qutb in 1952 initiated this idea and strongly advocated it through his article entitled “Manhaj al-Adab”. Then his brother Muhammad Qutb continued this effort through his book, “Manhaj al-Adab al-Islamiy”, explaining the opinions and issues raised by Sayyid Qutb until this book is considered as the first book in the Arabic language addresses the literary problems in the light ofIslam. This call continued until the MIL is defined as the beautiful expression of the universe, life, human and the Creator through Islam’s worldview. It has its formal technical characteristics, which are the correct word that inspires the Islamic spirit, the tight style and precise systems. In contrast, the intrinsic characteristics consist of the idea and the emotion that build on the Islamic worldview of the universe, life, human and the Creator.

The concept of reform in any field relies on the motivations and principles established by its proponents, who often draw on modern research methodologies developed in Europe or the West. However, the contributions of early modern syntax Arab scholars, particularly those who graduated from European universities, have not been thoroughly examined. This study aims to explore the contributions of one such reformer, Ibrāhīm al-Sāmarā’ī, focusing on his objective views regarding the foundations and manifestations necessary for the transformation of Arabic grammar. Utilizing a descriptive-analytical approach, this research analyzes Ibrāhīm al-Sāmarā’ī’s works in this area, along with other relevant studies, to discuss them in accordance with grammatical and linguistic principles. The main findings of this research indicate that the reform of Arabic grammar by Ibrāhīm al-Sāmarā’ī is based on seven principles: expanding the scope of Arabic grammar; adopting the descriptive method for language research; excluding non-linguistic elements from grammatical study; abolishing the concept of grammatical governance; eliminating all forms of grammatical causation; canceling estimated parsing, local parsing, and sentence parsing; and restructuring grammatical materials, eliminating some, and basing the division of Arabic sentences on the state and nature of the predicate.

Language serves to bring out the message of moral values, which is the backbone of the education curriculum to produce balanced and harmonious individuals in a multi-racial and religious society. However, this element has not been directly highlighted in the Arabic grammar curriculum although the source of the primary language is the al-Quran that is loaded with pure values. As such, this study contributes to the literature by identifying the verses of the Qur'an as shāhid (language source text) of Arabic syntax; to carry the message of Universal Social Moral Values (USMV) as also recommended by other religions. This qualitative study selected content analysis as its method of analysis for the deductively and inductively captured data. The study outcomes revealed six elements of USMV, namely: 1) respect, 2) tolerance, 3) justice, 4) graciousness, 5) faithfulness to promises and 6) love. This study proves that these six elements may be deployed as curriculum material for ArabicQuranic grammar values based on the topic of nominal and verbal sentences with various forms and functions

A language use strategy refers to a method employed in using language that has been acquired at a certain stage. This study examines the strategies used for employing standard Arabic in international debates among debaters from Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM). The primary objective is to identify both direct and indirect strategies utilized in using standard Arabic for debate purposes. This qualitative research adopts a descriptive-analytical approach, drawing on primary data from interviews with six (6) Arabic language debaters representing USIM at the international level. The research results show that the most important direct strategies for using standard Arabic in debates include: memory strategies such as repeating new words, writing, listening, speaking, and using applications. Cognitive strategies encompass reading, watching videos, asking questions among friends, discussing words, changing words, using the “mark” method, and searching for keywords related to debate topics. As for the indirect strategies, metacognitive strategies include structured methods provided by debate trainers, such as assigning words and topics, watching videos, and extracting words from those videos. Social strategies involve seeking assistance from advanced debaters, collaborating on word searches, sharing vocabulary, engaging in friendly competitions, and rehearsing speech style and vocabulary before formal training.

Linguistic errors represent a problem that often occurs among students of the Arabic language as non-native speakers, especially with regard to the rules of the Arabic language, including the rule of grammatical correspondence. This study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the prominent errors in grammatical matching in students’ essays at the Islamic Science of University Malaysia. The research relies on the descriptive analytical method using text analysis. The research sample consisted of 18 argumentative articles in Arabic from university students enrolled in the Communicative Arabic course for the second semester of 2018/2019. The textual data was analyzed using the error analysis method. The results of the study revealed that the most common grammatical errors committed by the respondents were gender matching (masculine and feminine), and the second highest errors occurred in numerical matching (singular, dual, and plural). This research suggests that the results of this study be used in building an Arabic grammar curriculum for Malaysian students, especially to avoid these mistakes.

The research highlights the challenges faced by non-native Arabic speakers, particularly Malaysian students, in mastering the plural morphological structure of the Arabic language. It aims to compare the plural structure of Malay and Arabic to identify similarities and differences that may contribute to difficulties and errors. The descriptive, contrastive approach is employed due to the linguistic differences between the two languages. One significant finding of the research is that Arabic pluralization involves adding suffixes, while Malay employs reduplication. This distinction poses a challenge for students. Additionally, the plural structure varies based on the gender of the word, further complicating the learning process. Arabic is known for its rich grammatical and morphological rules, such as the grammatical structure, word roots, and diverse noun forms, which can lead to errors in plural usage. The research proposes for futurestudies to test the effectiveness of the solutions and suggestions presented to reduce thedifficulties and problemsfaced by Malaysian studentsin usingtheplural form of Arabic.