Purpose: The psychological well-being of students plays an important role that needs to be examined as it revolves around aspects of internal psychology in a less tangible manner. While a student’s external behavior may provide several insights into well-being, it does not reflect the internal psychological state of a student. This study will be carried out to give a detailed picture of the psychological well-being of primary school students. Methodology: An in-depth interview method was used to collect data. The individuals involved in this study consisted of 10 primary school Muslim Religious students in the residential area of Pahang, Malaysia. Findings: The analysis of these interviews revealed several key themes, including strength in oneself, social involvement, and family support system. The findings of this study can be used as required certificates to help practitioners understand the diverse perspectives on psychological well-being. These themes can be used to enhance family functionality to achieve and maintain psychological well-being and academic achievement in confronting life’s challenges. Implications for Research and Practice: Firstly, it is important to develop customized strategies that teachers, school counselors and professionals can use based on the findings of this study. These strategies should aim to improve the welfare of elementary school students from low-income backgrounds. Additionally, involving families in the process can be incredibly beneficial in creating a nurturing and supportive home environment for students. Lastly it is crucial to provide social skills training that incorporates activities promoting peer relationships, teamwork, and effective communication.

This research was conducted to assess the relationship between the role of administrators in training programs and the motivation level of the trainees. The data were collected through a survey method conducted on employees at a government agency in East Malaysia. The outcomes of SmartPLS path model analysis show three important findings. First, administrators' roles in training programs are significantly related to trainees' motivation. Second, provision of support is significantly linked to the motivation of the trainees. Third, communication is significantly related to the motivation level of the trainees. Thus, the findings indicate that administrators' roles, support, and communication act as significant determinants of trainees' motivation in an organizational sample.

The generation gap is critical, especially when employees do not agree about some terms that affect their completion of tasks. This issue is debated in organizations, causing incompatibilities between human resource management and development structures. Hence, these constraints led this study to measure the differences shown by generations X and Y, and how they impact the relationship between psychological empowerment, employee performance, and organizational commitment. This research used questionnaires and in-depth interviews as the main procedures for collecting and obtaining data—196 items of data were received from the Malaysian Islamic Finance Agency. SmartPLS software was used to test the research hypotheses and the differences between the two groups are Gen X and Y (PLS-MGA). The results of the PLS-MGA test confirmed that, in the relationship of psychological empowerment and job performance alone, it was found there was a generational difference between X and Y (p-value < 0.05). However, while running the hypothesis test (using the bootstrapping test), it was found that both hypotheses are acceptable, which shows the relationship between psychological empowerment and job performance based on two different groups, namely Gen Y = t-statistic (10.961) and Gen X = t-statistic (11.993). Thus, H1 is supported. Meanwhile, the relationship between psychological empowerment and organizational commitment is based on two different groups, namely Gen Y = t-statistic (8.675) and Gen X = t-statistic (8.349), which means H2 is also supported. Consequently, it is hoped that the findings of this study will serve as essential guidance for employers in both the public and private sectors. Human resource management teams can use the findings to understand the natural complexity of psychological empowerment constructs in realizing the challenges and difficulties in predicting organizational goals, in terms of job performance and organizational commitment.