Nowadays, people tend to consuming fast food as its convenient, fast to serve and has a good taste. There are a lot of fast foods restaurants in Malaysia such as KFC, Subway, McDonald’s, and others. The restaurants serve various types of menus including breakfast menus, lunch and many more. This caused people to consume fast foods frequently and affect their health and causing health problem such as obesity, heart attack, diabetes, and others. In this paper, we are focusing on Kenny Roger's Roaster fast food restaurant. We suggesting the most suitable menu from Kenny Roger's Roaster for a day to fulfil the daily intake of carbohydrates proteins and fats for men and women. By using linear programming model helps us approach the optimal calories, carbohydrates, proteins and fats for men and women. We use the nutritional value chart from Kenny Roger's menus and this problem will be solved by using Excel solver. The results fulfilled all the needs of daily intake for men and women for calories, carbohydrates, proteins and fats from the Kenny Roger's Roaster menu.

Linear programming is an operational research technique widely used to identify and optimize management decision. Its application encourages businesses to increase their output. Instead, however, many organizations most commonly adopt the trial-and-error method. As such, companies find it challenging to distribute scarce resources in a manner that maximizes profit. This study focuses on implementing linear programming to optimize the profit of a manufacturing sector based on the optimized (best possible, efficient) use of raw materials. Our study uses the data gathered on five market bread types from Baker's Cottage reports, i.e., chicken floss, spicy floss, Frank Cheese, Mexico bun, and doughnut. This attribute has been recognized as a linear programming problem mathematically built that was solved using Excel software. The result showed that the Baker’s Cottage unit had to produce 332 loaves of Chicken Floss and 196 loaves of Frank Cheese, as these products objectively contributed to the profit. In contrast, other types of bread did not have to be produced, as their value turned to zero to achieve the maximum monthly profit.

The diet issue with the A&W food sets menu in Malaysia is developed mathematically in this study. The goal of the model is to calculate the most calories from the A&W food menu sets that a person can eat each day and yet meet all their nutritional needs. All daily food set menus in this mathematical model satisfied a person's requirements for total calories, carbohydrates, protein, and fats. An integer linear programming model is proposed and solved using the Excel Solver method based on the diet problem.

The prevalence of fast food consumption has risen significantly over the past few decades, leading to concern regarding its impact on public health. Burger King, as one of the major fast-food chains, offers set menus that have gained immense popularity among consumers. However, these set menus are often criticized for their potential contribution to an unhealthy diet due to their high calorie, fat, and salt content. This research aims to tackle the diet problem associated with Burger King set menus in Malaysia using linear programming, with the goal of optimizing the nutritional content while adhering to dietary constraints. The aim of this research is to maximize the requirement calorie intake, reducing carbohydrate, salt, sugar, fat, and protein, while satisfying the requirement of nutrition. The diet problem in this research is solved by using Microsoft Excel Solver which is the solution obtained is optimal. This means that the menu chosen fulfilled the required nutrients. This research seeks to empower consumers to make healthier food choices and promote a more balanced diet and healthier lifestyle.

Consuming a proper and balanced diet is necessary for each and every individual. It makes them fit, healthy, and keep them safe from chronic diseases. However, in today's world, many individuals frequently buy fast food without realising that the food may not provide all the daily nutrients that the body needs. Therefore, this study aims to propose a mathematical modelling on diet problem for the subways sets menu in Malaysia. The proposed mathematical model will be solved by using the Microsoft Excel Solver in order to produce optimal solution, which mean that the chosen menu from the Subway fulfil the daily requirements of calories, protein, carbohydrates, and fats for both men and women.

The diet problem has been investigated since decades ago by the researchers since it is very important to our life and health. Nowadays, people often buying fast food without being aware that the foods might not satisfy the nutrients requirements by the body. For example, KFC is one of the people’s favorite fast-food restaurants and most of the customers are not aware of the balanced diet in their food. In this research, a diet problem for different parts of fried chicken in KFC by using linear programming is being investigated. A mathematical modelling of the diet problem will be constructed in this research. After that, we will solve the mathematical modelling by using a computer-based method which is the Microsoft Excel Solver.

In everyday life, it is importance to practice a good diet because human body needs a reasonable amount of nutrients. This is because if excessive nutrient intake can lead to internal organs failure such as kidney damage. This study focuses on minimizing the intake of vitamin A in the daily diet because of vitamin A is able to give good vision, maintain healthy skin and improve body immune system. This research involves a few nutrients such as calcium, iron, cholesterol and the vitamin A. The diet problem of minimizing vitamin A will be solved by using the graphical method and excel solver. The results are compared to determine which methods is the best. The result is expected to get the optimal solution which is the minimal amount of vitamin A from one of the methods.

It is essential to practice a good diet in everyday life because human body needs a reasonable amount of nutrients. It is because excessive nutrient intake can lead to internal organs failure, such as kidney damage. This study focuses on minimizing vitamin A’s intake in daily diet because vitamin A can give good vision, maintain healthy skin, and improve body's immune system. This research involves a few nutrients, such as calcium, iron, cholesterol, and vitamin A. The diet problem of minimizing vitamin A will be solved by using the graphical method and excel solver. The results are compared to determine which ways is the best. The results obtained are optimal solution, which is the minimal amount of vitamin A from one of the methods.

In airline operations planning, there are four problems which are schedule design, fleet assignment, aircraft routing and crew pairing problem. Those problems are sequentially and interdependent. Aircraft routing and crew pairing problem are hard to solve and normally crew pairing problem dependent to the aircraft routing problem which gives the suboptimal solutions. As minimizing the costs is important in the airline system, so in order to tackle suboptimal solutions, aircraft routing problem and crew pairing problem are being integrated in one model. For solving the integrated model, the feasible aircraft routes and crew pairs are required. Because of that, a method is being proposed in this work for generating the feasible aircraft routes and crew pairs which is the constructive heuristic method. By using the generic aircraft routes and crew pairs, the integrated model then being solve by two approaches. The first approach is the exact method called the integer linear programming (ILP) while the second approach is from the heuristic method called particle swarm optimization. Encouraging results are encountered by testing on four types of aircrafts for one week flight cycle from local flights in Malaysia.

In this paper, we present the numerical results of the Boundary-Domain Integro-Differential Equation (BDIDE) associated to Dirichlet problem for an elliptic type Partial Differential Equation (PDE) with a variable coefficient. The numerical constructions are based on discretizing the boundary of the problem region by utilizing continuous linear iso-parametric elements while the domain of the problem region is meshed by using iso-parametric quadrilateral bilinear domain elements. We also use a semi-analytic method to handle the integration that exhibits logarithmic singularity instead of using Gauss-Laguare quadrature formula. The numerical results that employed the semi-analytic method give better accuracy as compared to those when we use Gauss-Laguerre quadrature formula. The system of equations that obtained by the discretized BDIDE is solved by an iterative method (Neumann series expansion) as well as a direct method (LU decomposition method). From our numerical experiments on all test domains, the relative errors of the solutions when applying semi-analytic method are smaller than when we use Gauss-Laguerre quadrature formula for the integration with logarithmic singularity. Unlike Dirichlet Boundary Integral Equation (BIE), the spectral properties of the Dirichlet BDIDE is not known. The Neumann iterations will converge to the solution if and only if the spectral radius of matrix operator is less than 1. In our numerical experiment on all the test domains, the Neumann series does converge. It gives some conclusions for the spectral properties of the Dirichlet BDIDE even though more experiments on the general Dirichlet problems need to be carried out.

Minimization of cost is very important in airline as great profit is an important objective for any airline system. One way to minimize the costs in airline is by developing an integrated planning process. Airline planning consists of many difficult operational decision problems including aircraft routing and crew pairing problems. These two sub-problems, though interrelated in practice, are usually solved sequentially leading to suboptimal solutions. We propose an integrated aircraft routing and crew pairing problem model, one approach to generate the feasible aircraft routes and crew pairs, followed by three approaches to solve the integrated model. The integrated aircraft routing and crew scheduling problem is to determine a minimum cost aircraft routes and crew schedules while each flight leg is covered by one aircraft and one crew. The first approach is an integer programming solution method, the second formulation is developed in a way to lend itself to be used efficiently by Dantzig Wolfe decomposition whereas the third one is formulated as a Benders decomposition method. Encouraging results are obtained when tested on four types of aircraft based on local flights in Malaysia for one week flight cycle.

In this paper, we show that we have two approaches in implementing of Boundary-Domain Integro-Differential Equation (BDIDE) associated to Dirichlet Boundary Value Problem (BVP) for an elliptic Partial Differential Equation (PDE) with a variable coefficient. One way is by choosing the collocation points at all nodes i.e. on the boundary and interior domain. The other approach is choosing the collocation points for the interior nodes only. We present the numerical implementation of the BDIDE associated to Dirichlet BVP for an elliptic PDE with a variable coefficient by using the second approach. The BDIDE is consisting of several integrals that exhibit singularities. Generally, the integrals are evaluated by using Gauss- Legendre quadrature formula. Our numerical results show that the use of semi-analytic method gives high accuracy results. The discretized BDIDE yields a system of equations. We then apply by a direct method i.e. LU decomposition method to solve the systems of equations. In all the test domains, we present the relative errors of the solutions and the relative error for the gradient.

ABSTRACT This research is a case study to identify the best criteria that a person should have as the leader of Malaysia School Youth Cadet Corps (Kadet Remaja Sekolah (KRS)) at SMK Ahmad Boestamam, Sitiawan in order to select the most appropriate person to hold the position. The approach used in this study is Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) which include pairwise comparison to compare the criteria and also the candidates. There are four criteria namely charisma, interpersonal communication, personality and physical. Four candidates (1, 2, 3 and 4) are being considered in this study. Purposive sampling and questionnaires are used as instruments to obtain the data which are then analyzed by using the AHP method. The final output indicates that Candidate 1 has the highest score, followed by Candidate 2, Candidate 4 and Candidate 3. It shows that this method is very helpful in the multi-criteria decision making when there are several options available.

Nowadays, fast-food production is in high demand in the food industry. There are many fast-food restaurants in the world, such as Starbucks, McDonald’s, Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) and others. People would spend their time and money at fast-food restaurants because of their quick serving, convenience, and good taste. Starbucks is also no exception because it has various baked goods and hot breakfast items as part of its cafe menu. This can lead to people overconsuming the food at fast-food restaurants every day. Consequently, they would get health problems such as obesity, heart attack, diabetes and others. In this paper, we determine the most suitable menu from Starbucks for a day to fulfil the daily intake of calories, carbohydrates, protein, and fats for men and women. We will use the linear programming model approach to get the optimal calories, carbohydrates, proteins and fats for men and women. We used the nutritional value chart data from Starbucks’ menu, and this diet problem will be solved using an Excel solver. The results obtained fulfilled the required daily intake for men and women for calories, protein, carbohydrates, and fats from the Starbucks menu.