E-Minggu Penyelidikan Dan Inovasi Sains Dan Teknologi 2022 (MPIST 2022)

Cosmogenic radionuclides have long been studied since 1940. This knowledge has been used in the field of solar physic, atmospheric, geological system, biosphere as well as material dating. Each of these radionuclides has proven to give so many benefits in our daily lives. This study aims to explore global research trends in the usage of cosmogenic radionuclides in environmental research. The Scopus database has been analysed for several important pieces of information such as publications, sources, languages, countries, affiliations, etc. The analysis revealed that cosmogenic radionuclides are indeed widely used in environmental fields such as soil erosion, sedimentation, weather, and many more. The top three Cosmogenic Radionuclides used in the environmental study are 10Be (53.3%) followed by 26Al (12.99%) and 14C (9.63%). This analysis looks from the year 2010 to 2022 and after the exclusion of any language except English, as many as 1101 written materials whether in the form of book chapters, research articles, reviews, etc. have been identified. Publications are mainly in the form of research articles and 93.5% of the literature is in the English language. Of the total publications, the top three country contributions come from the United States (43.1%), the United Kingdom (21%), and France (18.8%).

The objective of this research is to investigate the gaps in the existing online transaction fraud detection on e-commerce websites, to propose and develop an online transaction fraud detection using backlogging on e-commerce websites that is safe against fraud and enables simple and efficient transactions and implement security measures to prevent a breach of the proposed system. The system can receive, store, and process data related to the customer who registers and uses the system. Furthermore, the system is expected to provide a better interactive feature in an e-commerce website and be able to detect any fraudulent transactions and can restrict and prohibit transactions carried out by an attacker. The system is expected to be secured with the implementation of authentication, bcrypt hashing algorithm, and One Time Password (OTP). The research is to develop an e-commerce site as a web-based system that can assist in detecting transaction frauds using backlogging on an e-commerce website when a customer purchases products from the seller through the internet using a web browser. This research uses behavior analysis to identify fraudulent online credit card transactions in real-time. The algorithm also uses a multi-layered security-based strategy for the transaction restrictions established by the relevant user. The customer's spending limit is used to classify transactions, which aids in determining if the current transaction is legitimate or fraudulent. Finding out the user's location is vital in detecting credit card fraud. The system is useful in a small-scale website for detecting fraud, and with additional improvements, it might be employed in a large-scale e-commerce website where thousands of transactions can occur simultaneously.

Fast foods consumption has been associated with an increase in chronic diseases. Consumers' increased awareness of the possible links between nutrition and health has led to major dietary changes toward healthier food options. Furthermore, rising meat prices, veganisms, and concerns about animal suffering as well as sustainability issues have driven market trends toward plant-based alternatives. Mushrooms are regarded as one of the healthier ingredients that believed to be associated to their nutritive, bioactive, and therapeutic values. In fact, the fibrous structure of mushroom mimics to meat texture as well as possesses an umami flavour. Asian countries generate the highest percentage of overall mushroom production (74.64%). The application of mushrooms, however, is limited to the fruiting bodies rather than the stems. The stems are often discarded as food waste due to their tough texture. Researchers have begun to use edible mushroom waste and their by-products to create value-added products in a variety of sectors such as the food industry, owing to their nutritional values, and contributions to the circular economy and environmental protection. The primary intent of this review is to discuss the potential of underutilised mushroom stems in meat products.

The objectives of the research are to investigate the gaps in the existing car booking mobile application for USIM students, to develop a secured car booking mobile application, MyRide, and to implement system testing to ensure MyRide mobile application is working. The scope of the research includes a car positioning module, car position mapping module, and authentication module. The result of the research is a mobile application for car booking called MyRide. The research is to enhance the current method of booking a car.

This paper presents a review of research on UniPlanner, a student academic planner. The objectives of the research are to investigate the gaps in the existing student academic planner for USIM students, to develop a student academic planner named UniPlannner, that has a security feature, and to conduct a user acceptance test to ensure the UniPlanner is working. The scope of the research includes a web-based system named as UniPlanner, that aims to help students to solve their time management problems while increasing the effectiveness of their studies. The security features that will be implemented in this system are password encryption by using the Bcrypt hashing algorithm, password complexity, Google reCAPTCHA, and uploaded file restriction. This system is expected to allow users to record their daily routines and calculate CGPA scores. UniPlanner also allows users to set a reminder and display the important task that must be done. Users also can update the information that has been entered. In a conclusion, this research can benefit users to improve their daily schedules. For future research, the system can be extended to include more features and could be enhanced as a mobile application.

Lungs are the main organs for breathing and are part of the respiratory system. Subsequently, one lethal disease of cancer known as lung cancer is a type of malignancy that grows when abnormal cells in one or both lungs proliferate and reproduce uncontrollably. In the detection of lung cancer, some diagnosis assessment modalities can be employed for instance chest x-ray, computed tomography scan, and magnetic resonance imaging. Although these modalities are incredibly effective aids, a remarkable advancement in the field of lung cancer diagnostics should be implemented. The main goal of this research is to highlight current diagnostic techniques as well as some advanced diagnostic techniques for lung cancer severity detection among Malaysian as lung cancer is one of the most frequent cancers in Malaysia. The epidemiology along with the challenges regarding lung cancer screening are also emphasized.

The objectives of the research are to investigate the gaps in the existing halal food system, develop a secure halal food system, and perform user acceptance testing to ensure the system is working. The scope of the research includes the common login and signup form and allows users to browse the system. Foods will be categorized and listed based on names of races and types of foods, where customers can view vendors’ and foods’ names along with the price. Vendors will be able to edit, add, or delete their menus within the system. A search bar will also be included throughout the system, based on the databases keyed in by vendors. Next, payment could be made by customers through several methods such as Online Banking or Cash on Delivery (COD). Both customer and vendor will be assigned to retrieve the order information such as preparing the food and the order has been received. Admin will be monitoring all processes in the system such as user registration, order process, and customer services. The result of the research is a web-based halal system that shall be helping people to ensure and enlighten their foods of buying are halal without any doubt. In a conclusion, the system’s name ‘TryEat’ is an online system meant to overcome the issues where it aims to monitor every in-process food making, the vendor’s halal status, ingredients used, and strictly prohibited any doubting elements throughout the registration phase.

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is a derivative of cellulose that shares most of its chemical and physical properties while also Possessing solubility in water and most organic solvents, because of these unique properties CMC was used in this research to produce CMC aerogel at different concentrations of CMC (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%), the prepared CMC was then carbonised at different temperatures (300 °C, 400 °C, 500 °C, 600 °C, 700 °C and 800 °C) and for different durations of 1 hour and 2 hours to produce CMC carbon aerogel and to study the effect of different experimental parameters on the weight loss in the carbonised CMC aerogel. At low to mid-range temperatures of carbonisation we can observe a decreasing pattern in mass loss as the concentration is increased and this due to the physical properties of CMC aerogel while at higher temperatures it is observed that higher concentration of CMC yielded a higher weigh loss due to the completion of the carbonisation and decomposition of CMC aerogel. The different experimental parameters had a clear effect on the weight loss of the prepared CMC carbon aerogel.

Fats and oil adulteration in the food industry is a recurring problem that negatively impacts the quality and safety of the food product. Efforts to ensure fats and oil authentication has involved investigating different analytical methods of adulteration detection. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is reported to be the favorable method when coupled with chemometrics. Focusing on halal food as a compulsory dietary requirement for Muslims, concerns regarding halal authenticity of fats and oil have been highlighted. This study aimed to compare halal fats with lard. The objective of this study was to identify the lipid profile of lard using FTIR analysis, compare the lipid profile of lard with halal fats and oil and to determine the differences of lipid profile between halal fats and oil and lard through chemometric analysis. The FTIR analysis was successful in obtaining a lard profile. FTIR data was then analyze through principal component analysis (PCA). Clear separations on the score plot between the different fats and oil samples. This study showed that lipid profile is highly similar to halal fats and oils but can be differentiated through chemometrics. PCA is a suitable tool to support FTIR analysis in differentiating fats and oils.

This paper studied on the production of glucose, a platform chemical, obtained from the hydrolysis of cellulose in waste paper catalysed either via acid or enzyme. Waste paper was utilized in the study as it was abundance, does not compete with food source, high in cellulose content and low in both hemicellulose and lignin content. The formation of glucose was achieved with the breakage of β-1,4-glycosidic linkages that exist between the oxygen and the carbon atoms, of a pair of glucose unit in a cellulose strand. The glucose concentration in the acid hydrolysis was 0.0168 mol/L representing 76% of cellulose conversion to glucose. The glucose concentration in the enzymatic hydrolysis was 0.0210 mol/L representing 72% of cellulose conversion to glucose. Taking into account on the reaction condition and time, by-product production as well as the toxicity issues, this paper confirms the fact that enzymatic hydrolysis is far more advantageous compared to acid hydrolysis process in the production of glucose from cellulose in waste paper.