This article explores the English language reform carried out by the Seroja Technical Group of Colleges (STC) in accordance with the English Language Education Reform in Malaysia: The Roadmap 2015-2025. This article specifically intends to examine the affordances and limitations encountered by STC lecturers in implementing the English language reform initiative. This research project is a component of a broader study that employed a concurrent mixed method approach, integrating both quantitative and qualitative data. The paper's discussion focuses on data obtained from the qualitative component of the inquiry. The study was carried out at STC, a group of TVET institutions that is actively aiming for making English as one of the primary instructional languages. The participants of the study were 10 technical lecturers from STC. The data collection method was semi-structured interviews . The data was subsequently transcribed and categorized and subsequently organized into meaningful themes. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze the data. The findings indicate that STC's endeavours to reform the English language have achieved a moderate level of success, as the language is effectively integrated into teaching and learning practices, classroom resources, and teacher-student interactions. Nevertheless, the data also indicates that the lecturers encountered difficulties in properly implementing the strategy as a result of students' backgrounds and other situational considerations. Ultimately, the lecturers employed a contextualized strategy to accomplish the policy objectives. The results of this study are advantageous for policymakers and practitioners in reorganizing the English language at their institutions.

Identifying and comparing the tyre (rubber) threads are crucial in forensic investigations involving collision accidents and hit-and-run incidents. Focusing on improving the effectiveness of tyre classification and identification, the current study pioneered the utilisation of Raman spectroscopy combined with PLS-DA on 140 samples of light-motor vehicle (LMV) and heavy-motor vehicle (HMV) automobile tyres. All the spectral peaks were examined from the region of 400–2000 cm−1, which indicated the molecular vibrations of the tyre (rubber) composition. Meanwhile, the chemometric method of PLS-DA achieved a very highly accurate (99.4 %) classification between LMV and HMV samples. The model was further tested using 17 unknown samples (treated as blind samples). 94.1 % of these blind samples were accurately predicted into their respective classes. Following after 6 months period, the study proceeded to explore the application of the PLS-DA model in real settings using 12 different unknown samples after scratch on the road, which resulted in 83.3 % correct predictions. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the most comprehensive on tyre classifications and source correspondence as a non-destructive approach to examine tyre rubber, yielding valuable insights for related crime scene investigations.

This qualitative study investigates how undergraduate students integrate artificial intelligence (AI) tools into their Final Year Project (FYP) literature review writing processes, addressing growing concerns about academic integrity and learning effectiveness in the age of AI. Through semi- structured interviews with students from Applied Linguistics and English Language programs, we conducted thematic analysis to examine AI integration practices, verification strategies, and ethical boundaries. Five major themes emerged: AI as organizational and discovery tool, cautious integration with human oversight, ethical boundaries and academic integrity, proportion and balance guidelines, and skills development concerns. Students demonstrated sophisticated understanding of AI limitations, employing rigorous verification strategies while using tools like Elicit, Claude, and ChatGPT primarily for structural organization, source discovery, and preliminary content support rather than direct writing. Participants established clear ethical guidelines, recommending 10-30% AI assistance with mandatory human synthesis and critical analysis. The study reveals that students recognize risks to research skill development from over- dependence while appreciating efficiency gains in organizational tasks. We propose a four-phase Human-AI Collaborative Model that balances technological efficiency with academic integrity, emphasizing transparency, verification, and human-controlled critical thinking. These findings inform best practices for ethical AI integration in academic writing and suggest that current students are developing healthy frameworks for responsible AI use that preserve educational value while enhancing research efficiency.

Within the context of the Islamic religion, having Taqwa or the traits of righteousness is imperative because Taqwa reflects the level of a Muslim's faith. Hence, the purpose of the present study was to identify the traits of Takwa in surah Al-Baqara in the Holy Quran. The data for this study were obtained from verses in surah Al-Baqara. Purposive sampling was used to select the verses that contain the traits of Taqwa using an established tafseer (Quranic interpretation) in the Qurainic field as a guideline in marking the Taqwa traits in sampling the verses. Two experts in the field of Quranic tafseer validated the traits of Taqwa extracted from each selected verse. The data were analyzed using manifest and latent content analyses. The findings reveal 10 categories of traits of Taqwa which are tawheed, do good to others, performing solah, paying of zakat, honouring rights, repentance, doing good deeds, righteous communication, being grateful, being sincere, and recognition of the absoluteness of Allah's sovereignty. Sequential emphasis-based analysis was used to tabulate the reiteration of each trait of Taqwa in order to find out the trait that is most frequently emphasized in the form of reiteration. Among the Taqwa category traits, the major emphasis is on tawheed or believing the oneness of Allah. The findings help in enhancing the understanding and the meta-framework of the traits of Taqwa, which is particularly useful for non-scholarly Muslims in strengthening their Islamic faith in accordance to what is commanded in the Holy Quran.

English proficiency is essential for Malaysian graduates to thrive in today’s competitive global job market and digital economy. At Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), graduating students are required to meet an English language proficiency exit requirement. They usually sit for Malaysian University English Test (MUET) or the University English Proficiency Test (UEPT). MUET is a national test while UEPT is an internal assessment, but both are aligned with the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). Alongside these exams, Aptis is introduced as an alternative English proficiency test that is flexible, practical, and widely recognised by employers. Developed by the British Council, Aptis is a computer-based assessment that evaluates reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills, as well as grammar and vocabulary. It measures proficiency levels ranging from beginner (A1) to advanced (C), based on the CEFR framework. This study investigates the potential of Aptis as an alternative exit test for USIM students. Data were collected through document analysis, including test results and written feedback from 219 students. They were the third and final year students from seven faculties in USIM. The findings indicate strong student performance and highly positive experiences with Aptis. These results provide compelling justification for considering Aptis a viable alternative to existing English proficiency assessments

This paper reviews the techniques for optimization switching frequency used in Wireless power transfer (WPT). WPT is one of the most useful ways to transfer power. Based on distances power transfer, the WPT system can be divided into three categories, namely, near, medium, and far fields. Inductive coupling and capacitive coupling contactless techniques are used in the near-field WPT. Magnetic resonant coupling technique is used in the medium-field WPT. Electromagnetic radiation is used in the far-field WPT. From the comparison in this paper, a model and design algorithm to optimize switching frequency for energy encryption of medium field wireless power transfer system are purposed. The maximum value of the performance are suitable to compute the optimal circuit parameter by algorithm itself.

The rise of audio-based social platforms has transformed how individuals interact, network, and share information in real time. One of the most notable of these is Clubhouse, a drop-in voice conversation app that gained prominence during the COVID-19 pandemic. While originally marketed as a space for casual socializing, Clubhouse has evolved into a dynamic venue for professional discourse, collaborative learning, and community engagement (Chen et al., 2022). Functioning as an audio-based social media platform, Clubhouse enables users to engage in real-time voice conversations in virtual rooms, fostering spontaneous and meaningful interactions akin to a live podcast or networking event. Its unique format offers a sense of exclusivity through its initial invite-only model and appeals to users seeking immediate, authentic social exchange beyond traditional text or video platforms until today. This paper explores the core motivations driving users to participate on Clubhouse, including the desire for social belonging, access to diverse perspectives, opportunities for learning, and engagement with people from various backgrounds. Past research highlights how Clubhouse’s exclusivity and surprise elements enhance user engagement while fostering strong community bonds (Hult et al., 2021). Furthermore, the voice-centered nature of Clubhouse significantly influences how users communicate and build social connections, differentiating it from other social media platforms (Carroll et al., 2021). This paper highlights how Clubhouse redefines social networking by emphasizing voice as a medium for connection, self-expression, and community building in the digital age.

After Leo Esaki had reported the first tunnel diode in the early of 1960, there are development of Asymmetric Spacer Tunnel (ASPAT) diode. This device appears to have unique I-V characteristic, where it has zero turn on bias with minimum leakage current. Hence, with respects to this unique characteristics, this study will perform the physical modelling of Gallium Arsenide/ Aluminium Arsenide (GaAs/AlAs) of single barrier asymmetric spacer tunnel diode in COMSOL by considering all the parameters involved in designing the device such as the dimensions of ASPAT, the concentration, materials and numerical modelling involved. These parameters are significant in the calculation of current density when the device being applied with external voltage. At the end of this study, the I-V characteristics of ASPAT in COMSOL will be analysed and compared with the reported I-V characteristics of ASPAT diode in SILVACO to determine either it is reciprocated in terms of zero voltage switching and minimum reverse bias.

This study aims to develop a disinfection chamber that is portable and equipped with an automatics disinfectant spray system. The automatic disinfection chamber works by implementing a mechatronics system design which involves the use of the sensor, controller, and actuator. Firstly, an ultrasonic sensor is used to detect the presence of a user at the entrance of the chamber. Then, a microcontroller that acts as a brain to the system processes the sensor reading and produces an electrical signal to activate the water pump (actuator). This allows the water pump to channel the disinfectant solution from the tank to the spray nozzle for the human disinfection procedure. The proposed disinfection chamber has several advantages including automatic operation with minimal human intervention, as well as a modular design for easy transportation and assembly.

This article aims to highlight the insights of selected renowned Muslim scholars on the nature of good deeds. The article focuses on analysing spiritual insight of selected Muslim scholars towards the dual dimensions of good deeds, which is inner and outer or physical and spiritual. This article is library research which employs descriptive and analytical study. The article founds that these Muslim scholars affirms the existence of inner dimension of good deeds, and therefore, good deeds comprise of both inner and outer dimension. Both of these dimensions need to be observed accordingly. The balanced observance of these two dimensions of good deeds is critical in order to achieve its real purpose.

In adult refugees’ context, functional literacy is the biggest barrier for the refugees to socially navigate in the host community. Functional literacy is ‘the level of skill in listening, speaking, reading and writing that any individual needs in order to cope with adult life.’ Without functional literacy abilities in the language/s of the host country and uncertainties in the journey to resettlement, the refugees tend to become very vulnerable and traumatized. Thus, social navigation for survival becomes an issue not only because they have language barriers but also internal conflicts on the terrains of the imagined (the hopes) and the unexpected (the difficulties) they encounter in the host country. Employing both qualitative and quantitative data collection tools, this study explored the current English language literacy ability of the Rohingya youth refugees and related challenges. Findings revealed that despite the keen interests the participants have in acquiring English language proficiency, the different alphabetical systems pose problems for them. Despite the challenges in language, the participants exhibited strong sense of brotherhood with other fellow refugees and willingness to extend assistance. Religion developed the powerful bond. Based on the empirical data gathered, a Functional Literacy Course was developed to address language issues embedded with Leadership as well as Islamic Psycho-spiritual elements.

Palestinian students in the occupied regions of Palestine are facing exceptional circumstances besides difficulties, unlike other neighboring countries in the world. These are due to the continuing occupation by Israel. This study, intended to find out English Language Education under Israeli Occupation through dramatization Method for the EFL students in Palestine. This study used a full qualitative method, the participants were eight students who had used drama as a technique in learning English language class. The researcher got the data from interviewing the students. The result of this study showed that the English Language Education under Israeli Occupation through dramatization method for the EFL students in Palestine dramatization method is effective in Learning English for Palestinian students. The results of interviews with eight students indicate that they have a positive perception of the dramatization method in learning English language class. Thus, the technique of dramatization examines their thoughts, memories, and responses, offering greater insights into this complex and disturbing situation due to conflict and occupation.

Islamic Law, Halal Standards and Acts, Halal Science, Halal Management and Health Implications are some of the elements that make up the idea of Halal Forensics. A product's halal status can be ascertained by combining these components, which work in concert with one another. It integrates Forensic Science and Syariah as the foundation for the development. Halal Forensic would help in many ways and cover a wide range of subjects. The halal status of a specific product was also significantly impacted by Halal Integrity. Despite blockchain technology's development, Halal Integrity still faces hundreds of hurdles to maintain its integrity. The raw material and ingredients still need to be ensured scientifically to get strong and accurate evidence compliance with syariah explanation. Thus, this study therefore intends to address the relationship between Halal Forensic and Halal Integrity, how Halal Forensic's role will impact Halal Integrity and recommendations for an action plan to strengthen Halal Integrity through Halal Forensic.

Evolusi fatwa zakat di Malaysia memperlihatkan keanjalan ijtihad dalam menyesuaikan hukum dengan perubahan bentuk harta, tuntutan masyarakat, serta kemajuan teknologi. Kajian ini menilai bagaimana evolusi fatwa menyokong kelestarian institusi zakat sebagai instrumen pembangunan sosioekonomi umat Islam. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui analisis dokumen yang melibatkan teks fatwa negeri dan kebangsaan, enakmen pentadbiran agama Islam, laporan institusi zakat serta literatur berwasit. Dapatan menunjukkan empat fasa utama perkembangan: tradisional, institusionalisasi, pemodenan/diversifikasi, dan kelestarian/digitalisasi. Evolusi fatwa telah memperluas asas kutipan (seperti pendapatan, KWSP, saham, dan aset digital), menambah baik mekanisme pembayaran (potongan gaji, perbankan atas talian, aplikasi mudah alih), serta mengukuhkan legitimasi agihan berorientasikan pembangunan asnaf. Walau bagaimanapun, perbezaan fatwa antara negeri, tahap literasi zakat yang tidak seimbang, dan risiko integriti digital kekal sebagai cabaran. Kajian ini menegaskan bahawa fatwa yang progresif, digabungkan dengan tadbir urus profesional dan pendidikan masyarakat, merupakan prasyarat penting untuk menjamin kelestarian institusi zakat di Malaysia.

This participatory action research (PAR) study explores how mental well-being awareness and enactment can be fostered through ESL writing instruction at a Malaysian university. Addressing affective barriers, stigma, and limited access to mental wellbeing support, the study co-designed well-being–infused ESL writing lessons using PERMA+ principles. Eleven undergraduates and two expert collaborators participated across two PAR cycles over seven weeks. Qualitative data from focus groups, reflective journals, observations, and classroom artefacts were thematically analysed. Findings indicate enhanced emotional awareness, reduced writing anxiety, improved engagement, and reported transfer of well-being practices beyond the classroom. The study demonstrates that embedding well-being within language instruction offers a sustainable, culturally responsive model for supporting student flourishing through everyday pedagogy.

The article examines the philosophy of Avatara, especially Kalki Avatara in Hinduism vis-a-vis Islamic concept of nubuwwah (prophethood). It analyses teachings and objectives of Avatara which claim that God has created no community of human beings in the world without a purpose and left them without a guide or leader. It begins with an introduction of Avatara and its philosophy. Then, it examines the main features of Kalki Avatara and Prophethood within Hindu perspective. Descriptive and Comparative approaches were used to carry out the Islamic analysis of Kalki Avatara. Finally, it elaborates how Islam discusses the issues of Nubuwwah, and approaches Hindu view of Kalki Avatara. The research found some similarities and significant differences on both concepts. While both concept of Avatara and Nubuwwah share many similarities especially on their purposes, Avatara is more related to God's incarnation which does not exist in Islamic teachings.

This article analyses al-Ghazali’s theory of the Inner Knowledge (‘Ilm al-Batinah) of good deeds or devotional acts (‘ibadah). This article is theoretical in nature, and it involves bibliographic research, employing descriptive and analytic methods. The article argues that al-Ghazali formulates unique and profound ways of understanding good deeds, which, if analysed accordingly alongside his theory of Inner Actions (al-A‘mal al-Batinah), can be developed into a spiritual model of good deeds. The article found that al-Ghazali places great emphasis on the need to understand inner knowledge of good deeds which requires one to understand their Inner Meanings (al-Ma‘ani al-Batinah), real purposes, as well as their different grades and significance. His analysis of these elements is unique and profound, filled with spiritual insight. Al-Ghazali’s insight of this spiritual dimension of good deeds can increase one’s consciousness, and help one to be more attentive or present in performing good deeds or worship.

Selain bidang Al Quran, Hadis, Akidah, Feqah, Tamadun Islam dan bidang Akhlak Islamiyah, Sirah merupakan salah satu bidang yang penting dalam silibus mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Islam di peringkat sekolah rendah dan menengah di Malaysia. Keperluan untuk memahami dan mengingati peristiwa-peristiwa penting dalam kehidupan Nabi Muhammad SAW yang agak menyeluruh mungkin menyukarkan pelajar sekiranya hanya membaca dan menghafal. Oleh itu, menggunakan diorama sebagai kaedah inovasi alat pengajaran dan pembelajaran dalam mata pelajaran Pendidikan Islam adalah strategi yang berkesan untuk meningkatkan penglibatan dan pemahaman pelajar. Diorama membolehkan pelajar memvisualisasikan dan berinteraksi dengan bahan pembelajaran dalam format tiga dimensi, menjadikan konsep-konsep abstrak lebih nyata dan mudah difahami. Pendekatan praktikal ini bukan sahaja membantu dalam menghafal, tetapi juga menggalakkan kreativiti, kemahiran motor, dan pembelajaran secara kolaboratif. Dengan melibatkan pelajar dalam proses mencipta diorama—melalui aktiviti seperti mewarna, memotong, dan menampal—mereka akan menggunakan pelbagai deria dan proses kognitif, yang boleh membawa kepada pemahaman yang lebih mendalam terhadap bahan pembelajaran. Hasil kajian atas penggunaan diorama serta Latihan pengukuhan dalam kelas Tingkatan 1 sebagai kaedah inovasi telah membuktikan pelajar lebih mudah memahami bidang Sirah (Tajuk: Riwayat Hidup Nabi Muhammad) serta proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran matapelajaran Pendidikan Islam jadi lebih menyeronokkan.

In Malaysia, English language education plays a special role as both a tool for global communication and a way to support national development. This paper explores how English as a Second Language (ESL) teaching can be re-envisioned through the combined lenses of sustainability and social responsibility. Using the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the discussion shows how classrooms can tackle broader issues like equity in education, intercultural understanding, and moral engagement with global challenges. Instead of focusing only on language skills, this view highlights the importance of language education in developing socially responsible citizens who can think critically and engage actively in a multicultural society. Situated within the reform priorities of the Malaysia Education Blueprint (MEB) 2026 - 2036, this paper argues that language education should align with national aspirations for inclusivity, balanced bilingualism, and future-readiness. The Malaysian context, with its mix of languages and changing educational priorities, is a great place to integrate sustainability into language teaching. This paper contends that by adjusting teaching to include sustainability principles, educators can create new opportunities for curriculum innovation, teacher training, and national policy direction, ultimately making language learning a key driver of personal growth and social progress.

Perlaksanaan pendidikan inklusif; iaitu pendidikan untuk orang kurang upaya "OKU" memberi tumpuan kepada nasib harian pelajar OKU atau guru yang mengajar pelajar OKU tetapi kurang perhatian diberikan kepada guru berstatus OKU. Keperluan unik guru berstatus OKU dalam persekitaran pendidikan diterokai melalui pengalaman guru yang mengalami masalah mobiliti fizikal di Pusat Tamhidi, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: Apakah cabaran mobiliti fizikal dalam pengajaran? Metodologi yang digunakan untuk mengumpul data untuk kajian ini ialah pemerhatian dan rakaman dimensi. Adalah diharapkan institusi pendidikan akan mengamalkan pelaksanaan yang sesuai dan menjalankan pendekatan yang tepat.