2025 CFORSJ i-CONF

This Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly utilised across various fields, including the domain of fatwa issuance. Its ability to collect, organise, and analyse information positions it as a relevant supportive tool. However, its use remains debated due to concerns related to epistemology, scholarly authority, and ethics. Algorithm-based AI lacks the capability to grasp maqāṣid al-sharīʿah, public interest (maṣlaḥah), and social context—elements essential to the process of ijtihad. Accordingly, this study aims to analyse the potential of AI as a supportive tool in ijtihad and to identify guidelines for its use that align with Sharīʿah principles and ethical standards. This research employs content analysis of journal articles, books, expert interviews, and official guidelines. The data are analysed descriptively to identify the advantages and challenges of AI within the context of fatwa deliberation. The findings indicate that AI holds significant potential as a research assistant that aids in information gathering and the organisation of fatwa-related materials. AI, however, does not possess the qualifications required for ijtihad and therefore cannot replace a mufti. Its role is limited to functioning as a fatwa assistance tool that supports the processes of collecting, structuring, and analysing information. Consequently, AI must be utilised within a regulated framework established by religious authorities to ensure that its benefits align with maqāṣid al-sharīʿah without compromising the authority of Islamic scholars.

Penggunaan gelatin yang semakin meluas dalam pelekat perubatan menimbulkan pelbagai cabaran etika, perundangan dan agama, khususnya berkaitan sumber dan pematuhannya terhadap prinsip Syariah. Seiring dengan kemajuan inovasi bioperubatan, kebimbangan timbul terhadap aspek ketelusan, kebolehkesanan rantaian bekalan, serta jaminan integriti halal dalam bahan berasaskan gelatin. Kertas ini meneliti isu semasa dan jurang dasar dalam pengawal seliaan penggunaan gelatin dalam pelekat perubatan daripada perspektif Syariah dan perundangan. Ia turut meneroka peranan baharu kecerdasan buatan (AI) dan sains forensik dalam mengesahkan asal-usul bahan, meningkatkan kebolehkesanan, serta menyokong proses verifikasi halal berasaskan bukti. Dengan mengintegrasikan rangka kerja etika Islam bersama pemantauan forensik berasaskan AI, kajian ini mencadangkan model tadbir urus yang memupuk inovasi bertanggungjawab, perlindungan pengguna, dan pematuhan terhadap piawaian agama serta bioperubatan. Perbincangan ini menyumbang ke arah pembentukan hala tuju dasar holistik bagi bahan bioperubatan halal dalam era teknologi pintar.

In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), the question of the integrity and purity of halal products has grown more complicated and difficult. The authenticity of products consumed by consumers, particularly Muslims, is seriously questioned due to the lack of clarity surrounding the source of components, the rise in cross-border trade, and the manipulation of halal labeling. Over the past few decades, there has been a considerable increase in the demand for halal products worldwide due to a number of causes, including the growth of the Muslim population, consumer knowledge of halal requirements, and the expansion of halal markets outside food. As a result, the problems would not only erode customer trust but also jeopardize the nation's standing as a reliable centre for the worldwide halal business. Therefore, this study aims to explore the role of halal forensics as a scientific medium that supports transparency, justice and integrity in the halal verification system. The type of research used is qualitative research. This study uses content analysis methods by referring to published papers and authoritative sources related to the study. The expected findings are the integration of halal forensics and AI technology would help to improve the efficiency of halal monitoring in real-time, strengthen consumer trust, and position Malaysia as a leader in global halal innovation. This scientific approach in halal verification system would be able to support sharia in facing the technology of artificial intelligence. In conclusion, halal forensics is a demonstration of the nation's dedication to honesty, justice, and world peace in addition to being a technological verification tool. This aligns with the goal of creating a world-class nation that protects consumer rights and fosters interfaith and international cooperation.

The advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed numerous sectors, including the legal domain, offering enhanced accuracy, efficiency, and transparency in judicial administration. However, within the context of the Sharīʿah judiciary, its adoption raises ethical and jurisprudential concerns regarding the admissibility, authenticity, and moral legitimacy of AI-generated outcomes. Grounded in the Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah—the higher objectives of Islamic law—this study examines how AI can be ethically integrated into the Sharīʿah judicial process without compromising the principles of justice (al-ʿadl), truth (al-ḥaqq), and public welfare (jalb al-maṣlaḥah). Employing a qualitative and doctrinal approach, the research analyses classical jurisprudential sources, contemporary scholarly discourse, and emerging technological practices related to digital evidence and judicial automation. The findings reveal that AI holds significant potential in three primary dimensions: as a supportive tool in the authentication and evaluation of evidence; as a facilitative mechanism in ijtihād qaḍāʾī (judicial reasoning); and as an administrative instrument ensuring procedural integrity through digital forensic verification. These applications are aligned with the objectives of ḥifẓ al-dīn, ḥifẓ al-ʿaql, and ḥifẓ al-māl, ensuring that technological innovation serves the preservation of ethical and legal order in Islamic adjudication. The study highlights the need for a comprehensive ethical and regulatory framework for AI governance in Sharīʿah courts and recommends additional empirical research to evaluate its judicial effectiveness.