2023 iJURECON

In recent times, there has been an increased focus on how buildings affect the health and well-being of their occupants, leading to a global concern known as Sick Building Syndrome (SBS). In response to this issue, we conducted extensive research to develop an air purifier design with special specifications that effectively filters out polluted air combining various kinds of filters and natural air purifiers such as aloe vera plants supported by Grow Light lamps for photosynthesis. Our innovative technology, the Air Cleaning Conditioner (ACCer), is designed to address this issue. NASA has tested aloe vera plants in clean-air studies, and they have proven to be versatile, serving health, skin beauty, and air purification purposes. We used hemp rope, gold ribbon, sewing threads, and cypress tree leaves as filters. Our data clearly showed that sewing thread filters were the most effective, as they captured the largest number of particles. This technological innovation provides numerous benefits, such as clean, fragrant, and healthy air, reducing the risk of infections caused by viruses, bacteria, and other diseases in the room, and minimizing allergic reactions such as dust and cold allergies

Bar soap is a commonly used cleaning and lubricating item that contains fatty acid salts and surfactants. Unfortunately, many bar soaps are made with palm oil, which is scarce due to depletion in Malaysia. To address this issue, a study was conducted to explore the use of Baeckea frutescens oil as a substitute for palm oil. Baeckea frutescens is a wild herb known for its historical medicinal uses, such as treating fever and sunstroke. This study extracts the oil for integration into soap production through saponification, followed by analysis using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Results showed the presence of crucial antioxidant compounds, including phenolic acids and flavonoids, which have potential skincare benefits. The soap's innovative spherical design prevents microbiological growth and highlights the oil's possible aesthetic and health benefits. The anti-inflammatory and antibacterial qualities of the soap point to potential advantages for a number of skin disorders including eczema and acne. This groundbreaking soap demonstrates the integration of ecological sustainability and soap production, combining natural healing with modern skincare requirements. Baeckea frutescens soap could become a popular alternative to commercial soaps due to its natural ingredients and therapeutic qualities.

Nowadays, people tend to consuming fast food as its convenient, fast to serve and has a good taste. There are a lot of fast foods restaurants in Malaysia such as KFC, Subway, McDonald’s, and others. The restaurants serve various types of menus including breakfast menus, lunch and many more. This caused people to consume fast foods frequently and affect their health and causing health problem such as obesity, heart attack, diabetes, and others. In this paper, we are focusing on Kenny Roger's Roaster fast food restaurant. We suggesting the most suitable menu from Kenny Roger's Roaster for a day to fulfil the daily intake of carbohydrates proteins and fats for men and women. By using linear programming model helps us approach the optimal calories, carbohydrates, proteins and fats for men and women. We use the nutritional value chart from Kenny Roger's menus and this problem will be solved by using Excel solver. The results fulfilled all the needs of daily intake for men and women for calories, carbohydrates, proteins and fats from the Kenny Roger's Roaster menu.

The diet issue with the A&W food sets menu in Malaysia is developed mathematically in this study. The goal of the model is to calculate the most calories from the A&W food menu sets that a person can eat each day and yet meet all their nutritional needs. All daily food set menus in this mathematical model satisfied a person's requirements for total calories, carbohydrates, protein, and fats. An integer linear programming model is proposed and solved using the Excel Solver method based on the diet problem.

The prevalence of fast food consumption has risen significantly over the past few decades, leading to concern regarding its impact on public health. Burger King, as one of the major fast-food chains, offers set menus that have gained immense popularity among consumers. However, these set menus are often criticized for their potential contribution to an unhealthy diet due to their high calorie, fat, and salt content. This research aims to tackle the diet problem associated with Burger King set menus in Malaysia using linear programming, with the goal of optimizing the nutritional content while adhering to dietary constraints. The aim of this research is to maximize the requirement calorie intake, reducing carbohydrate, salt, sugar, fat, and protein, while satisfying the requirement of nutrition. The diet problem in this research is solved by using Microsoft Excel Solver which is the solution obtained is optimal. This means that the menu chosen fulfilled the required nutrients. This research seeks to empower consumers to make healthier food choices and promote a more balanced diet and healthier lifestyle.

Cyber-attacks pose a severe threat to information security. Cyber awareness has become increasingly important as data usage and internet consumption continue to rise. Self-awareness about Cybersecurity is required to protect oneself from these possible threats. This phenomenon caused this study to identify the level of cybersecurity awareness among PERMATA Insan College students. This study has been conducted by giving a survey to PERMATA Insan College students with a range of students between 12 to 17 years old. The outcome shows that 75.2% of 69 students who answered the survey know more or less about cybersecurity. This study concludes that most PERMATA Insan College students have a basic understanding of cybersecurity.

Ganoderma lucidum is a red-colored species of Ganoderma with a limited distribution in Europe and parts of China, where it grows on decaying hardwood trees. The present study deals with decolorization of Methyl Orange by Ganoderma Lucidum. This dye is difficult to degrade so to overcome this problem, an efficient method was developed to degrade this dye. Ganoderma Lucidum could carry out decolorization of Methyl Orange in a wide range of 150mg/L of dye concentration, at unexposed place. By adding 4 carbon source which is glucose, galactose, lactose and starch, we carry out complete decolourization of Methyl Orange by Ganoderma Lucidum within 11 days. The degradation of dye was studied by UV- vis.

Body mass index (BMI) and sleep duration are closely related health factors that have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their implications for public health. While high BMI has been hypothetically associated with shorter sleep duration in adults, limited studies have been conducted among boarding school students primarily due to variation in their daily routine. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the sleep duration among first-year secondary students at Kolej PERMATA Insan using a survey and determine whether BMI contributes to this issue. Demographic data including gender, height, and weight were then analysed using descriptive analysis. The BMI was calculated and classified as underweight, normal, overweight and obese based on the Malaysian population standards. An Anova test was employed to explore the relationship between BMI and sleep duration. The analysis revealed that the mean sleep duration for the 65 students was 5 hours 21 minutes, with a standard deviation (SD) of 1 hour 5 minutes. Male students slept significantly longer with a mean (SD), 5 hours 13 minutes (1 hour 52 minutes), compared to female students, who had a mean (SD) of 4 hours 46 minutes (1 hour 49 minutes) (p=0.05). However, no significant relationship was found between BMI categories and sleeping duration among first-year students. This study emphasized that gender, which influences different lifestyles, may contribute to sleep duration but BMI does not appear to play a significant role in this context. Future study may further investigate the relationship between BMI and sleep duration considering gender-specific factors.

The response from netizens on social media regarding the men embracing skin care might often appear. Despite societal norms allowing men to take care of their skin, and it is a practice that should be available to all regardless of gender, the belief that skin care is primarily for women persists, fueled by negative stereotypes like 'toxic masculinity. This study aims to propose strategies to eliminate these society's negative stigma and harmful stereotypes surrounding men's skin care, through the various solutions from researchers and from the community. Researchers utilized descriptive qualitative methods with a gender theory and social reality approach. Purposive sampling interview techniques and Forum Group Discussion (FGD) were conducted in collecting data to explore and discover the strategies that have been carried out. Next, the data was processed and analyzed based on gender theory and social reality approach. The research results showed that the solution to deal with negative stigma in society comes from community aspirations, such as educational movements about skin care inclusivity for all genders and voicing gender equality in social media and advertising. This movement supported the concept of gender theory which believed that negative stigma stemmed from societal assumptions that had influenced each other. Therefore, strategies that came from the community could eliminate the prevailing negative stereotypes

For the past few decades, pollution resulting from conventional or petroleum-based plastics has emerged as a global issue. The adverse impacts of these non-biodegradable polymers have prompted a growing focus on the research and advancement of environmentally friendly bioplastics. In this study, the comparison of starch-based (tapioca, corn, potato, and wheat) and gelatin-based bioplastics will be carried out and assessed. The samples are measured and cut into pieces with dimension of 3 cm x 4 cm. Later, the appearance and surface morphology of the bioplastic samples will be carried out using optical microscope while its structure elucidation will be done using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) and UV-Visible Spectrophotometer (UV-Vis). Biodegradation analysis was also carried out to determine the rate of breakdown for all synthesized bioplastic samples in soil

Listening to music while studying has become a common practice among students. Some students believe that it will improve their curricular efficiency, while some researchers disagree with this notion. The goal of this study is to discover the different forms of music and how they affected the degree of attention among gifted children. Through a random sampling method, 200 students from PERMATA Insan College, Islamic Science University of Malaysia aged between 13 to 17 years old were chosen to participate in this study. Data collection is done through a 30-question questionnaire-based survey established by the researchers. Students were asked to state their preference for each music sample that may help them concentrate while studying. The students showed the strongest preference towards pop music (mean=3.945), while they least preferred rock music (mean=2.842). The highest correlation coefficient is between rock and hiphop (r=0.712) while the lowest is between pop and jazz (r=0.223). This research concludes that listening to different types of music has an impact on the degree of attention among students. These findings have the potential to provide light on the connection between music and students' concentration and to guide the development of methods aimed at boosting concentration in the classroom

Malaysia is currently undergoing a significant demographic shift characterized by a rapidly aging population due to declining fertility rates and increased life expectancy. Alarmingly, reports indicate that 9.0% older adults in Malaysia have experienced abuse and neglect. Elder abuse can, left untreated, have serious and often deadly consequences for victims. The abuse of the elderly is recognized as a form of domestic violence. While elder abuse is a recognized global issue, it remains significantly underreported in Malaysia, particularly in Negeri Sembilan, where only two cases have been reported to the police department from 2000 to 2023. This study aims to address this underreported issue and delve into the case reports from a victimology and criminology perspective. It is hypothesised that the underreporting of cases, as evidenced by the scarcity of reported incidents, may be attributed to the victims’ reluctance to implicate family members. Additionally, older adults may not always recognize their experiences as abusive and may lack awareness of where to seek help. Analysis revealed that both victims were unemployed, and physical abuse was prevalent, shedding light on the motives and methods of abuse. Hence, both cases are drawing theory of social exchange and caregiver stress to explore the dynamics between victims and perpetrators. This study underscores the importance of raising awareness about elder abuse and evaluating the effectiveness of awareness campaigns

Cooking oil is one of the goods that is often consumed by Indonesians, especially for household needs, such as cooking. The Central Statistics Agency and the Indonesian Palm Oil Entrepreneurs Association noted that demand for palm cooking oil, especially from households, tends to increase every year. The high level of cooking oil consumption results in more used cooking oil being produced. Used cooking oil can cause problems for the environment if not treated properly. Problems resulting from used cooking oil include damage to aquatic ecosystems, pollute the soil, and can clog waterways. Islamic boarding schools are one of the contributors to used cooking oil. This is due to the use of cooking oil which is high enough to supply the food needs of the many boarding school residents. In general, used cooking oil in Islamic boarding schools still cannot be processed properly. Based on these problems, the aim of this research is to make eco-crayons that use used cooking oil as an innovation for processing used cooking oil in Islamic boarding schools. Crayons are one of the equipment that are popular with students at the boarding school because using them can develop their creativity. The research results obtained are eco-crayons that have bright colours, are long lasting and easy to use. Thus, the presence of Crooilse can reduce used cooking oil waste and make it a useful tool for students.

Cryptography and network security is a broad field that deals with numerous strategies and approaches to achieve this level of security, and the methodologies are evolving. Cryptography provides the ability to meet critical network security goals. This study has been done to identify PERMATA Insan College students' awareness of cryptography. This study has been conducted through a survey at PERMATA Insan College that involved 13 to 17 years old students. Based on the survey that has been held, the result showed that most students slightly know about cryptography. It can be concluded that a small number of students know about cryptography but the rest need clarification on what cryptography is exactly.

Pangium edule, locally known as ‘pangium’ or Malaysian called it as ‘kepayang’ is a tall tree native to the mangrove swamps of Southeast Asia. In this study, the functional groups such as phenolic and resin compounds contained in the extracts of Pangium edule were investigated. The fruits of this species were collected, dried, and grounded. The powdered samples were subjected to a solid-liquid extraction process using hot water for 4 hours at 80ºC and ethyl acetate as a solvent (100 g/L) for 48 hours. Phytochemical screenings and Fourier-Transforms Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were further carried out and the samples were found to have phenolic, flavonoid, resin and tannin, steroid compounds

Since prehistoric times, medicinal plants, often known as medicinal herbs, have been identified and employed in traditional healing practices. Because of the existence of phytochemical ingredients, medicinal plants synthesise hundreds of chemical compounds and are a key source of molecules with therapeutic qualities. Wild herb leaves were taken from the green region of Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, specifically Peperomia pellucida, also known as 'sireh cina' in Malaysia. The dried wild herb leaves were crushed. For 48 hours, the powdered materials were treated to a solid-liquid extraction method utilising hot water and ethyl acetate as a solvent. For all examined samples, a phytochemical screening test of hot water and ethanolic leaves extract confirmed the presence of antioxidant chemicals such as flavonoid and phenolics. Meanwhile, resins were only found in ethanolic leaves extract, and steroid was not found in any of the studied samples. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to study the organic component in greater depth by evaluating the chemical ingredients in the crude extracted samples of ethyl acetate. The study of FTIR spectra revealed that the hydroxyl group, alkanes, alkyl groups, benzoic compounds, and phenols were the primary functional groups. The identification of functional groups indicates a possible source of antioxidants and highlights a potential prospect for the development of natural products from these wild plants in the drug discovery business.

Science and Mathematics are very enjoyable subjects if students can learn, understand, and apply them daily. However, many students are not interested in Mathematics compared to other subjects because it requires logical thinking and proving of basic concepts, where most students find it difficult to understand. A few gifted and talented Muslim students have a poor level of achievement in Mathematics. They think that Mathematics is a boring subject and thus unimportant in daily life. The main objective of this research is to develop Al-Khawarizmi Number Base Module for gifted and talented Muslim students at Kolej PERMATA Insan, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia. This module helps students to enhance their understanding and achievement in Mathematics. This module is divided into four themes, namely Number Basis, Complex Number, Linear Equations and Algebra. The students involved in this module are assessed through four assessment methods which are, first, students must complete all the module given based on specific topics. Second, students must play a game card based on specific topics for analyzing their speed-thinking and understanding level. Then, students are also assessed through a pre and post-test for the topics that they have learned in the module. Lastly, students should fill out a survey form to find out their level of improvement and achievement in Mathematics. Improving the understanding of knowledge of mathematics among gifted and talented Muslim students will also encourage students to cultivate the knowledge of mathematics throughout their lives as well.

Supercapacitors, devices for storing electrical energy through the physical separation of carbon electrodes, have gained significant attention due to their advantages. However, their reliance on non-renewable coal-based activated carbon poses environmental issues. The solution is to use Kepok banana peel as an alternative material to replace activated carbon. Kepok banana composition (15.36% lignin, 40.47% carbohydrates, 59.57% hemicellulose, 18.71% cellulose) suggests its potential as an efficient supercapacitor electrode. The study titled "Eco-Friendly Supercapacitor Based on Kepok Banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) Skin Active Carbon Composite" aimed to (1) assess kepok banana waste for activated carbon, (2) analyze the impact of different potassium hydroxide concentrations on activated carbon synthesis in supercapacitors, and (3) determine the optimal potassium hydroxide concentration for ideal supercapacitor characteristics. Using experimental methods, researchers varied potassium hydroxide concentrations (1M, 3M, 5M) with three repetitions. Results indicated that (1) kepok banana peels can indeed be converted into effective activated carbon for supercapacitors through the stages of dehydration, carbonization, and activation with potassium hydroxide, (2) higher potassium hydroxide concentrations improve activated carbon synthesis and characteristics, thus enhancing supercapacitor efficiency, and (3) the most optimal activated carbon and supercapacitor characteristics were observed in 5M sample, demonstrating activated carbon alignment with standards and supercapacitor traits including a maximum voltage of 1.7 volts, the current strength of 33.53 mA, and power of 0.057 Watt. This research highlights the potential of utilizing biomass-derived materials for sustainable energy storage solutions, offering promising avenues for eco-friendly advancements in supercapacitor technology. Furthermore, it contributes to SDGs 7, which aims to provide affordable and clean energy.

Predicting educational results depends heavily on how well students adapt to their campus environment. According to studies, students who need to adjust themselves will leave before graduation without even attempting to find a solution. A study was conducted to examine some psychological characteristics of Foundation 1 (12-13 years old) and Foundation 2 (13-14 years old) Kolej PERMATA Insan students, which may have a bearing on students' adjustment to the school's environment. How students adjust themselves, especially in the initial years of school, may impact how successful they will be in secondary education. This study investigated the psychological traits of Kolej PERMATA Insan pupils that might affect how well they adapt to their school environment. The results from the respondents describe the adjustments made by the students and the changes in behaviour and routines of the students to help them cope. The results also show what learning method is preferred by the students. The findings' implications for higher education teaching and learning have been analysed. Appropriate courses and counselling sessions should be considered to help these students carry out their daily school life.

The accumulation of waste is getting worse by the day. However, Capseed can now be one of the solutions to the problem. Capseed is a tapioca starch-based plastic with the innovation of putting seeds in it. These seeds will grow after the plastic decomposes. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between glycerin as a plasticizer to the structure and water absorption of bioplastics. In this research there are two stages, namely making Capseed and determining the level of water absorption. First, the manufacturing stage, done twice with different levels of glycerin. In the final stage, the test was put into a container of water to determine the water absorption. In the final result, the glycerin content of 25% was higher than the glycerin content of 33.4%. The results obtained suggest that Capseed is influenced by several other factors. Based on the experiments that have been carried out, it is possible for further research to carry out further development to improve the quality of Capseed which is more water resistant.