Advertising is one of the most important aspects in the business world. It can be a breaking point to determine the profitability of the company. This industry has a very significant impact not only on individual companies but also on the GDP of a country due to the aggregate amount of revenue generated yearly. most of current researches focus on the issue of unethical advertising and their impacts on the society. Rarely can bee seen researches which focus from a theological perspective of advertising. This article provides a thorough insight on a Quranic persepctive on advertising.

This study attempts to analyse the zakat poverty line between regions (urban and rural) and differences between household head gender (male and female) among the poor and needy zakat recipients in Kelantan. The study is motivated by a few shortcomings of the current zakat distributions as well as an increasing amount of expenditure annually on the two categories of zakat recipients and yet the number of fuqara (poor) and masakin (needy) households is increasing. The current amount of zakat monthly distribution seems to raise some issues due to its weaknesses. This paper offers several alternative regional poverty line estimations with varying underlying assumptions. Using the Household Expenditure Survey 2014, poverty lines are estimated based on the consumption patterns of regional and gender household per capita expenditure. The regional poverty lines from these reference groups produced robust poverty measurement rankings across regions in the country. This study recommends the method of zakat distribution to be improved in order to strengthen the Muslims economy condition and then, it would facilitate poverty alleviation programs conducted by the zakat department.

The dependence of modern businesses on computer and information technology has increased significantly. The acceptance and use of information systems (IS) and information technology (IT) have been a focus of research and practise in recent decades. e-Money is a payment instrument used to store funds that the user pays in advance to the e-money issuer. The use of mobile devices to conduct financial transactions has led to the development of a new type of e-money called an electronic wallet (e-wallet), which is essentially the digital equivalent of the wallets that people normally carry. With the availability of numerous features and services beyond payment, e-wallets have become one of the government's primary tools to achieve a cashless society. Several adoption theories and models have been used to determine the acceptance and use of e-wallets, particularly in the study of social commerce. These include the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). Current research on e- wallet acceptance generally relies on the expanded Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology-UTAUT (known as UTAUT2) as the primary framework. UTAUT2 introduces factors relevant to the consumer market that influence behavioural intentions to use a new technology: Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Social Influence, Facilitating Conditions, Hedonic Motivation, Price Value, and Habit. This paper examines previous research on e-wallet adoption intentions based on the UTAUT2 framework using secondary data analysis. This study contributes to the literature on e-wallet adoption by taking a broader look at the determinants of e-wallet adoption by users, including an Islamic perspective and future research directions.

This research seeks the effect of behavioural and non-behavioural factors of SME’s owners and their business characteristic on the financing decisions. Moreover, this research categorized SMEs owners based on their behavioural aspects on establishing a behavioural mapping in SMEs industry. The sample of this research is the informal SMEs owners in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. In investigating the relationship of the independent variable on financial decision making, this research employed the hierarchical linear multiple regression model (HLMR) and multiple logistic regression (LR). Furthermore, this research employed cluster analysis for building a behavioural mapping in SMEs industry. This study discovered a significant effect of behavioural aspects of SME’s owners on the financing decisions, which is, instead of having significant enforcement on the financing decisions, the non-behavioural aspects were more likely impacted on the SMEs owners’ investment decisions. The finding shows that there are three significant groups of SMEs owners in the Surakarta region. The result of this research gives key insights, mainly to the involved stakeholder to keep the sustainability of the SMEs industry.

Islamic financial literacy is a prerequisite for Muslim financial well-being. Despite the fact that Islam provides clear guidance on financial arrangements, Muslims, particularly in Malaysia, have demonstrated financial ineptitude as evidenced by poor financial behaviours and a high number of bankruptcies, which warrants due scrutiny by current research. Nevertheless, determining the actual level of Islamic financial literacy, let alone devising control measures, has been challenging due to the lack of a validated measurement model of Islamic financial literacy. Furthermore, the lack of a standard definition has hampered empirical research in this area. Therefore, this study aims to scrutinize the concept of financial literacy from Islamic standpoint prior proposing a standard measurement. Underpinned by the Theory of Family Resource Management (FRM), Islamic financial literacy is denoted by Islamic financial knowledge, Islamic financial attitudes, and Islamic financial behaviours. These three primary components are further broken down into three sub-components: Islamic financial products, Islamic philanthropy, and financial management. The proposed measurement of Islamic financial literacy would serve as a parameter for measuring the level of Islamic financial literacy of the community in various groups, allowing subsequent measures to strengthen it to be devised.

Until recently, there has been only muted debate on the stability of RWA and after the recent financial crisis, the new regulatory framework was introduced that will enrich the quality and level of capital ratios for the banking system. However these capit al ratios required to be based on specific risk measurement that permits for appropriate comparison as these gives new prominence to the stability of the underlying RWA. The aim of this paper is to examine the RWA performance after recent global financial crisis in Malaysian banking system. The study uses quantitative approach to examine in detail the RWA performance from year 2012 to 2016 using secondary analysis of bank�s annual report.

Equity-based Financing (EBF) - Musharakah and Mudharabah are one of the unique contracts introduced by Islamic banks because they have unique features compared to other types of financing such as in terms of types of partners, rights of management, sharing profit-and losses, liability and ownership of assets. This paper aims to examine the factors that drive Malaysian Muslim users of financing to accept EBF. Specifically, this paper examines the relationship between five factors: knowledge, understanding, perception, the level of awareness and religiosity among Malaysian Muslim users of financing regarding their acceptance on EBF. Approximately 258 Malaysian Muslim users of financing around Kuala Lumpur, Selangor and Negeri Sembilan were randomly picked as respondents of this study. Qualitative data were also collected through interviews with the bank personnel and the bank’s customers besides the online-based self- administered questionnaire survey. Employing the SPSS approach, the hypotheses of the study were tested. The findings showed that there are significance relationships between understanding, perception, the level of awareness and religiosity perceived among Malaysian Muslim users of financing and their acceptance of EBF except for knowledge was not significant. Keywords: Equity-based Financing (EBF), Musharakah, Mudharabah, Islamic Banking and Finance

This study aims to examine the relationship between the level of education and the willingness to pay zakat among online traders. The research method used in this study is quantitative where survey questions are distributed to online traders around the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur. The findings of this study found that there is a positive relationship between all levels of education in this study and the willingness to pay zakat to online businesses. This study has several limitations, namely the generalization of variables using a limited sample selection and the specific context of the research conducted.

This study attempts to examine the effectiveness of monthly zakat distribution as a mechanism to poverty reduction in the state of Kelantan, Malaysia. The target population of this study is the poor and needy zakat recipient of the Kelantan Zakat Department, (MAIK). 481 respondents were randomly selected from Kelantan’s zakat recipient’s list from the poor and needy category for ten districts of Kelantan. In depth interview were used to gather the data. For analysing the data, descriptive statistics were applied. Results indicate that zakat elasticity is about 0.46, suggesting that, holding other variables constant, if the zakat distribution goes up by 1 per cent, the monthly income goes up by 0.46 per cent. Further, the male coefficient is about 0.15, meaning that the male gender receives about 0.15 per cent more income compare to female gender, again holding other variables constant. Thus, zakat distribution is significant in determining the income distribution among this group and bringing positive effect towards improving the income distribution of this group. Thus, these statistical measures have proven the positive role of zakat in reducing poverty among the Poor and needy and once again prove our result from previous poverty measures.

Background: The understanding of risk and the concept of it is occurs associated in Islamic financing was well-known in financial industry by the using of Profit-and-Loss Sharing (PLS). It was presently in any Islamic financial transactions in order to comply with shariah rules. However, the existence of risk in Murabahah contract of financing is an ability that the counterparty is unable to completes its obligations within the agreed terms. Therefore, it is called as credit or default risk. Credit risk occurs when the client fails to make timely payment after the bank makes complete delivery of assets. Thus, it affects the growth of the bank as the banking business is in no position to have appropriate measures to cover the risk. Therefore, the bank may impose penalty on the outstanding balance. Objective :This paper aims to highlight the credit risk determinant and issues surrounding in Islamic bank in Malaysia in terms of Murabahah financing and how to manage it by using the proper techniques. Finally, it explores the credit risk management concept that might solve the problems arise .Results: The study found that the credit risk can be managed properly by improving the use of comprehensive reference checklist of business partners on their character and past performance as well as their comprehensive database. Conclusion: Besides that, prevention of credit risk can be done by using collateral as security against the risk and we also argue on the Shariah guidelines and procedures should be implement coherently by the banking business because so that the risk would be control by having an effective instrument for Islamic modes of financing.

Zakat merupakan antara sumber kewangan bagi sesebuah negara Islam untuk meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat khususnya golongan bawahan. Pengurusan kutipan dan agihan zakat yang efektif akan membangunkan kehidupan masyarakat yang unggul. Disebalik peningkatan jumlah kutipan dan agihan zakat, jumlah peningkatan di kalangan golongan fakir dan miskin terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Ini disebabkan terdapat beberapa kelemahan dalam kaedah pengagihan ini. Pertama, ianya tidak mengambil kira perbezaan antara kos sara hidup antara kawasan bandar dan luar bandar. Kedua, keperluan jantina ketua isi rumah yang berlainan tidak ditangani dalam pengiraan Garis Kemiskinan Zakat (Had Kifayah). Untuk menjadikan bantuan zakat memberi kesan yang signifikan kepada kualiti hidup golongan fakir dan miskin, satu tindakan yang drastik perlu dilakukan untuk memastikan kualiti hidup mereka adalah terjamin sekurang-kurangnya mendapat barang keperluan dan kecukupan. Nilai bantuan zakat perlu dinilai semula berdasarkan keperluan semasa kerana nilai bantuan yang diberi amatlah kecil berbanding dengan keperluan kehidupan semasa. Ini termasuklah mengambil kira keperluan yang berbeza dan kos sara hidup yang berbeza antara asnaf di kawasan bandar dan luar bandar serta jantina ketua isi rumah. Sehubungan dengan itu, kertas kerja ini bertujuan untuk meninjau kajian-kajian lepas berdasarkan dua faktor penting dalam penetapan Had Kifayah iaitu kemiskinan di antara kawasan Bandar dan luar Bandar dan jantina ketua isi rumah.

This study attempts to analyze missing items in current zakat distribution among the poor and needy zakat recipients in Kelantan. The study is motivated by few shortcomings of current zakat distribution as well as an increasing amount of expenditure annually on the two categories of zakat recipients, and yet the number of poor (fuqara) and needy (masakin) households is increasing. The current amount of zakat monthly distribution seems to raise some issues due to its weaknesses. This paper examines several missing elements in the current zakat distribution in Kelantan, Malaysia. The research was conducted through in-depth interviews with selected zakat recipients from a variety of socio-economic-cultural backgrounds in Kelantan, Malaysia. This study recommends that these items should be included in future zakat distribution in order to improve and strengthen the Muslims economy condition, and then, it would facilitate the poverty alleviation programs by the zakat department.

The objective of this article is to analyze the related literatures on zakat between 2003 until 2013. The methodology of this article is through qualitative research based on content-analysis on previous articles and literatures that specifically discuss about zakat between 2003 until 2013. This study looked at several variables which number of publication by year, subject areas, and a brief content analysis of zakat issues such as management, collection, distribution and poverty alleviation on zakat. This is important in order to examine its prospects for research in the future. The general finding of this article shows that there are a lot of issues pertaining to zakat management, collection, distribution and poverty alleviation program were published for this timeframe. Henceforth, this article provides significant suggestions and strategies for the future exploration on zakat.

Advertising is one of marketing tools to promote products and services as well as to increase reputation and image used by the company. In recent years, there are many ways of advertising to attract customer’s attention including through billboard, television, radio, newspapers and latest trends of advertising is through Internet by using social website. It is such the best medium to promote product as these days are people more busy in daily life, hang with the latest gadgets and need advanced information. Advertising became more synonyms with the people as soon as after any product or services being introduced to the public. However, a lot of advertising brings worried by some of people that concerns towards inappropriate advertising show to the public and seen by all level of ages including children, teenagers, adults and old folks. Because of this concern, the issues raised up in questioning the inappropriate advertising may bring destructive thoughts to the next generation compared from the past (before the existence of Internet) and the present in Malaysia. This article will discuss the growth of Malaysian Advertising Industry and relevant legislation i.e. Advertising Practices Malaysian Code and its applicability to Islamic advertising.

This study attempts to examine the effectiveness of zakat distribution as a mechanism to poverty reduction among the New Converts (Muallaf) in the state of Selangor, Malaysia. As one of the several instruments by Islam, zakat is important to combat and improve welfare in the society. The target population of this study is the zakat recipient among the New Converts in Selangor. 78 respondents were randomly selected from Selangor Zakat Centre (SZC) zakat recipient’s list from the New Converts category for nine districts of Selangor. In depth interview were used to gather the data. Method of data analysis is through regression analysis. Results indicate that only family size, gender (male), income and expenditure variables have a significant effect from zakat distribution while age, status, race, previous religion, highest education, job and region variables did not have any significant effect from zakat distribution among the new converts. Thus, zakat distribution is significant in reducing poverty burden among the new converts by increasing their income and positively improves; their budget for expenditure. Thus, these statistical measures have proven the positive role of zakat in reducing poverty among the new converts. However, to make zakat distribution provides significant impact on the quality of life among the new converts, immediate actions need to be done to ensure that at least their needs are satisfied and adequate.

Zakat is one of the pillars of Islam that emphasises the socio-economic development. Any discussion on zakat in the context of worship cannot be disconnected from the socioeconomic factor, especially in aiding the underprivileged. The primary purpose of zakat is to redistribute wealth of the society among the poor. Zakat is not purely welfare-oriented that relies on the contribution of the giver but an obligation that must be carried out to qualified recipients.Therefore, it is pertinent that the management of zakat is made efficient to ensure that the rights of the recipients and the society, in general, will not be put in jeopardy. The question is then raised regarding the type of zakat distribution or programmes pertaining to the asnaf Muallaf. The objective of this article is to explore challenges and the success of zakat distribution and aids for sustaining muallaf belief (Tauhid) and thoughts (Iman). The methodology of this article is based on qualitative research through document analysis and interview with zakat officer and respondents. This article has revealed that some challenges and success perception said by the Muallaf as the zakat recipient benefited from the zakat aids. Results show that State Islamic Religious Council should continue support and to improve from time to time to a more comprehensive program that focus on sustaining the Muallaf belief (Tauhid) and thoughts (Iman).

Islamic banks encounter relatively higher risks than usurious banks, where debts make up the majority of the assets of these banks because credit risk management in Islamic banks abides by jurisprudential restrictions in governing financial transactions. This paper seeks to identify one of the most important issues relating to banking investment. It discusses the importance of Islamic banks, the most important risks facing them and how they manage these risks. The importance of the paper lies in the identification of the causes of the high level of risks facing Islamic banking institutions and the appropriate ways to confront them. The researcher adopts the descriptive approach to collect data. The results of the study confirm that the formulas and methods that usurious banks use for risk management are not all available to Islamic banks. Therefore, risks in the credit Islamic banking sector are higher than conventional banks. The researcher recommends the development of legislation governing the work of these banks and the activation of the supervisory role and willingness to apply mechanisms in accordance with the sharia laws.