Peranan serangga dalam kehidupan manusia memberikan suatu keseimbangan dalam ekosistem. Sumbangan serangga dalam dunia sains tiada noktah dengan penemuan-penemuan baru spesies yang boleh dikaji untuk penyelidikan seterusnya. Dalam Islam, para sarjana menyifatkan teks-teks bersumberkan wahyu adalah sebagai bukti kebesaran tuhan di samping memberikan pelbagai pengajaran kepada manusia. Namun belum ada kajian dilakukan untuk melihat secara tematik dan kecenderungan perihal serangga yang disebutkan dalam teks-teks primer perundangan Islam. Objektif dan Tujuan: Kajian ini mengenal pasti dan menganalisis perihal serangga yang disebutkan dalam al-Quran dan al-Sunnah mengikut tema sebutan. Metodologi: Kajian menggunakan metode analisis kandungan terhadap sumber-sumber primer rujukan berteraskan wahyu dalam Islam. Dengan menggabungkan serangga yang dijumpai hasil carian 6236 ayat dalam al-Quran, senarai tersebut dijadikan sampel teori dan diteruskan terhadap ribuan hadis-hadis yang terdapat dalam Sunan Sittah, rujukan utama dokumen hadis bagi pendalilan dalam Islam. Dapatan Kajian: Kajian menemukan bahawa serangga telah disebutkan melalui pelbagai tema sama ada di dalam al-Quran mahupun al-Sunnah. Terdapat sebanyak 104 hadis berkaitan serangga dan dikelaskan mengikut lapan tema seperti perumpamaan/pengajaran/sifat, kebersihan/mandi, pemakanan, muamalat, pemakaian, ibadah, perubatan dan rujukan bagi penamaan surah. Hasil analisis ini menunjukkan peranan serangga sebagai sebahagian daripada elemen penting dalam kehidupan manusia. Ia menunjukkan integrasi naqli (teks bersumberkan wahyu) dan aqli (percambahan pemikiran oleh manusia) relevan sepanjang zaman. Kajian lanjut perlu dilakukan bagi melihat fokus utama tema-tema yang telah didapati dari perihal serangga yang disebutkan tersebut. Dalam konteks pengajian Islam, disarankan agar status hadis-hadis yang berkaitan dengan perihal serangga tersebut dikaji dengan lebih lanjut. Sementara huraian dari pentafsiran yang berautoriti perlu dikaji dan diteroka agar maksud sebenar bukti-bukti kehidupan yang diisyaratkan oleh ilmuan silam dapat diterjemahkan sebagai suatu kerangka baru era moden.

Allah has created various kinds of animals and some of them have been mentioned in the Qur'an for example, bee. Bees have high value to humans. This paper aims to describe about bee from Quranic perspective of bee in Surah Al-Nahl and present the scientific prove. In this study, researcher can determined some problem which is the main problem is why animals are narrated in the Quran and what is the function of bees to humans. Thus, Surah Al-Nahl verse 68-69 which contains a total of 39 words is analysed qualitatively by using content analysis, which is by categorizing the word that related to bee based on these verses. It is found that there is a total of 3 words which is from adjective or noun sura al-Nahl is related to bee. From these 39 words in this verse, we can analysed bee as feminine or masculin based on lingusitic perspective. This study is expected to increase the understanding and knowledge the creation and creation of God, especially bees that have many benefits and benefits to humans.

Contamination of water with chromium ions is a significant concern due to its potential adverse effects on human health and the environment. In addition, it is also hazardous to biological systems and can cause a variety of human diseases. Hence, an efficient and reliable detection method is needed to overcome this issue. In this study, a colorimetric sensor method based on bis-indolylmethane (BIM) was developed to evaluate its ability as a heavy metal ionophore with the existence of H-bonding interactions between the indolic N–H groups and the chromium ion. In the study, two bis-indolylmethane derivatives compounds were synthesised using acetic acid as the catalyst via the condensation reaction between 5-bromoindole and benzaldehyde derivatives. The synthesised compounds were then characterised using three types of spectroscopic analysis, which are 1H and 13C NMR, FT-IR and UV-Vis to determine the structural information and to confirm the formation of the bis-indolylmethane derivatives produced. Finally, colourimetric sensor development was conducted involving metal screening with Cr3+ ion by colourimetric sensing analysis, and compound 1 was shown to have the most intense colour change, hence having the highest possibility of interaction or bonding with the Cr3+ ion. A further binding interaction study was conducted using UV-Vis titration analysis between compound 1 and Cr3+, proving the binding ability and capability of the synthesised BIMs as a heavy metal ion sensor. The successful development of this sensor will have wide-ranging applications in environmental monitoring, water treatment, and public health. Additionally, it can be employed by regulatory agencies, industries, and researchers, especially to ensure the safety and quality of water resources. By enabling quick detection of chromium ions, this sensor will contribute to the preservation of human health and the environment.

Beneficial flowering plants play a vital role in attracting beneficial insects such as parasitoid that controls insect pests. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of two species of flowering plants as beneficial hedgerow plants, we identify insects communities of T. ulmifolia and M. malabathricum, which generally grown on roadside. We also compared the insects community of both plants based on time of the day. A total of 5,029 insect individuals were collected through three sampling occasions from five sampling stations of T. ulmifolia and five sampling stations of M. malabathricum. Chi-square test showed that there was a significant difference (χ2=37.3848, df=1, P<0.05) between the composition of insect communities on M. malabathricum and T. ulmifolia. The insect visiting M. malabathricum were similar at both night and day while T. ulmifolia attracted different insect community depending on the time of the day. The results suggested that different plant species would attract a different community of insects. T. ulmifolia success in attracting the visitation of beneficial insect but its effectiveness is limited to a short period of time. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of M. malabathricum as beneficial plant is yet illuminated.

Marine invertebrates especially bivalve and gastropod are major organisms inhabit coastal areas. These marine organisms are also known as detritivores which filter sea bed component for food. The location of Peninsular Malaysia that surrounded by the sea such as Malacca Straits at the west coast and South China Sea at the east coast provide a good distribution for bivalve and gastropod. A study on distribution of bivalve and gastropod had been conducted at different coastal area which represent east and west coast. The studies areas are Pengkalan Balak, Melaka, Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan, Tanjung Tuan, Negeri Sembilan, Telok Gong, Melaka and Penyabong, Johor. This study aims to identify bivalve and molluscs species at the study area. Beside to determine the diverse site of the species. West coast coastal line (Pengkalan Balak and Port Dickson) recorded the highest number of species compare than east coast coastal line (Mersing). Low species number of Bivalve and Molluscs are caused by the sandy coastline at the area which are not suitable for habitation. Furthermore, strong wave prevents the formation of muddy shoreline which unsuits for habitation. Thus, it is suggested that this study need to be extensively conducted in order to documents the species of bivalve and gastropod.

The study aims to investigate how corporate social responsibility (CSR), service recovery effort, severity of service failure, and ethnocentrism affect service recovery satisfaction and airline brand equity among Malaysia Airlines passengers. Additionally, it explores how ethnocentrism moderates these effects. Using an airport intercept survey, the researchers surveyed 308 passengers from state-owned Malaysia Airlines who had experienced service failure and recovery. They then analyzed the data with PLS-SEM. The results showed that CSR and service recovery efforts significantly influenced service recovery satisfaction. Additionally, CSR, service recovery satisfaction and customer ethnocentrism significantly affected airline brand equity. Service failure severity does not significantly influence service recovery satisfaction, and customer ethnocentrism does not moderate the relationship between service failure severity and service recovery satisfaction. The empirical insights provide valuable information for policymakers and managers in the airline sector of developing countries, especially those managing state-owned airlines. The study clarifies the complexities of the relationship between service recovery efforts and brand equity and fills a gap in the literature by demonstrating the negative consequences of inadequately addressed service failures during service recovery efforts.

The activities and abundance of termites are highly affected by the environment. The objective of this study is to determine the activity of termites according to the different time of sampling event namely morning and evening session. The belt transects (100 metre length x 4 metre width) was set up in a line across the oil palm plantation. The sampling time was divided to the morning session (8:00 am to12:00 pm) and the evening session (2.00 pm to 6.00 pm). The presence of termites at each sampling time was recorded. A total of 12 belt transects with six replications for each sampling time at four different localities (MyFKT, MyLSK, IdFRGB, and IdCPSK) were placed. The results showed that the morning session recorded more species(31 species) in comparison to the evening session (15 species), and there are significant differences between the two sessions (?2=45,119, df=30, p<0.05). Based on the autocorrelation, there are also significant differences on the termite�s activities between the two session. Overall, the termite activity is more active in the morning. The effect on the environment such as temperature and humidity in the morning and midday affect the abundance, diversity, and the presence of termites. � 2017, Centre for Insects Systematic, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

College students' attrition in engineering programs is a major problem in developed and developing countries. Outreach activities in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics are a powerful resource to ignite K-12 students' interest to pursue scientific and engineering careers. Here, a program on mechatronics for Malaysian high-schoolers developed at the New York University Tandon School of Engineering and implemented at the National University of Malaysia is presented. The program follows a dual model where instructors and students work together on a project-based learning curriculum inspired by real-world problems. A group of Malaysian graduate students and highschool teachers was trained to serve as instructors by the New York University team. After training, the New York University team aided the instructors to administer the curriculum to 100 high-schoolers and organize a one-day exhibit for families at the National University of Malaysia. Pre- and post-assessment surveys offer evidence for the positive impact of the program on teachers' professional development and student engagement in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics fields.

This sequential exploratory mixed-methods study explores the self-efficacy (SE) of Islamic Education (ISED) teacher trainees in three domains (i.e., curriculum design and implementation, teaching and classroom assessment) as they experienced a four-month teaching practicum at various schools in Malaysia. The survey sample comprised 56 ISED undergraduates, aged 21 to 30, who were in their final year of teacher training at the Kulliyyah of Education, IIUM. They completed a two-part Likert-type questionnaire with 23 items measuring their confidence levels in specific aspects of the three SE domains. The interview participants were four ISED trainees randomly selected from the survey sample. The survey data were analysed using descriptive statistics, while the interview data were scrutinised for recurring themes on trainees’ SE beliefs and teaching practicum challenges. Consistent with many previous studies, the results indicated high levels of self-efficacy among the ISED teacher trainees, particularly in technology usage (89.3%) and collaborating with colleagues and administrators (85.7%). Five broad areas of self-efficacy improvement were identified, namely higher-order teaching, differentiating instruction, classroom management, learning assessment and lesson evaluation. The study recommends the use of lesson study and increasing the contact hours for microteaching to further develop teacher trainees’ instructional competencies, thereby increasing their levels of selfefficacy in teaching ISED as a school subject.

The recognition of intraspecific variation could enhance knowledge and understanding on the population divergence that might be resulted from different geographical areas. To study the possible effect derived from different locations, a morphometric study of the red stripe weevils, Rhynchophoms vulneratus from different localities in Malaysia was conducted using field and voucher specimens. A total of twenty-three morphological characters were examined from 108 individuals of R. vulneratus representing population of Kota Samarahan, Mukah and central of Peninsular Malaysia. The data were subjected to univariate one-way single factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) and analysed in factor analysis using SPSS version 22.0 software. Univariate ANOVA showed that all tested variables were significantly different (p<0.05) except for mesocoxal distance (MSD), meanwhile from the factor analysis, the first three factors with eigenvalues greater than 1.0 were successfully extracted, resulting in a high variation of 82.687%. For factor 1, 39.213% of total variation was recorded, factor 2 accounted for 34.096% and factor 3 contributing to 9.377%, respectively. The mixed plotting among the twenty-three morphological characters suggests a strong correlation among the parameters examined and further statistical analysis should be conducted to include environmental factors such as habitat types, food availability and predation effect.

A morphometric analysis was conducted on Rhynchophorus vulneratus and R. ferruginous (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) insular and mainland populations. Twenty-three morphological characters were measured and the data were analysed using independent t-test, principal component analysis (PCA) and discrimination function analysis (DFA). Using independent t-test, all characters were found to be significant at p < 0.05, except distance between eyes (ED), mesotarsus length (F2Ta) and metatarsus length (F3Ta). In PCA, cumulative variations of 80.7% were recorded from the first two principal components, resulting from high loadings in elytra length (EL), elytra width (EW) and pronotum length (PL). For DFA, a single function explained a canonical correlation of 0.952 with 100.0% of variation and the Wilk’s Lambda statistics (0.094) was strongly supported with p < 0.0001. The highest character loadings were the total length (TL), elytra width (EW) and pronotum length (PL), which were useful as diagnostic characters for separating both Rhynchophorus species. Therefore, this study suggests that R. vulneratus and R. ferruginous are morphologically distinct species. This finding proves that the insular population of R. vulneratus fits the generality of the ‘island rule’ as being larger compared to the mainland counterparts of R. ferruginous. Keywords: Morphometrics, mainland, insular population, Rhynchophorus, weevils

Tema ayat-ayat Makkiah antaranya ialah ajakan kepada mentauhidkan Allah SWT dan salah satu pendekatan yang Allah SWT gunakan ialah berhujah dengan bukti rasional, analogi dan ayat kawniyyat bagi mendepani golongan musyrik. Artikel ini bertujuan memperkenalkan satu reka bentuk wasilah dakwah abad ke-21 melalui perbincangan ayat kawniyyat sebagai pendekatan dakwah dalam kalangan Cendekiawan Islam Pintar Berbakat. Metodologi kajian perpustakaan telah digunakan dalam mereka bentuk NAQul Insan™; satu persembahan bicara ilmiah mengenai pentafsiran ayat kawniyyat berorientasikan fakta sains moden (tafsir ilmi) dan format persembahannya menampilkan paparan audiovisual berterusan. Paparan audiovisual tersebut mengiringi pembicara tanpa henti sebagai latar belakang (background) yang memperincikan maksud kepada pembicara di hadapan (foreground). Kajian mendapati NAQul Insan™ merupakan satu medium dakwah yang seiring dengan uslub zaman perkembangan pengetahuan dan kecanggihan teknologi yang menuntut sesuatu bukti empirikal. Perbincangan ayat kawniyyat adalah relevan kerana Allah SWT lebih mengetahui perkara yang dapat menyentuh jiwa manusia dan hakikat kejadian manusia itu sendiri. Apa yang berbeza hanyalah tahap pengetahuan dan kemajuan tamadun pada zaman tersebut dalam memahami maksud ayat tersebut. Reka bentuk ini merupakan usaha berterusan dalam mentadabbur Al-Quran selain menjadi model pembentangan dalam proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran, pidato umum, serta menjadi wadah pertandingan di peringkat kebangsaan dan antarabangsa yang lebih segar dan efektif.

This is the first series on harvestmen species representing a total of 67 species from 25 genera and 9 families of harvestmen (Opiliones) from Malaysia compiled from available literatures between 1900s till date. In addition, the preliminary field survey identified six harvestmen species which are Dentobunus luteus, Gagrella longipalpis, Koyamaia curvipes, Marthana ferruginea, Zaleptus quadrimaculata and Hoplodino gapensis collected at Bukit Sawak, Langkawi Island (Kedah) and Hutan Lipur Lata Jarum (Pahang) which are considered as new locality record forthis country. This information could serve as basic guideline and reference for future studies on harvestmen in Malaysia. � 2017, Centre for Insects Systematic, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

Termite survey was conducted at six oil palm agroecosystem sites in Riau Province, Sumatra, Indonesia to document species richness across the sites. Six sites were surveyed by using continuous transect representing gradients of oil palm landuse across Indragiri Hulu to Bengkalis District since February 5th, 2015 until May 21st, 2015. Termites were sampled by modified transect protocols (100 m x 4 m x 10 cm). A total of 23 species belonging to two families and five subfamilies were collected. The termite assemblage was dominated by wood-feeding termites. The major family collected was Rhinotermitidae which included some pest species, such as Coptotermes curvignathus, C. sepangensis, C. kalshoveni, Schedorhinotermes malaccensis, S. medioobscurus, S. brevialatus, and S. javanicus.

Termites are found in various habitats, particularly diverse communities occurring in tropical forest and peatlands. Termites are beneficial insects, which function as soil engineers, improving the soil quality. However, in peatlands converted to commercial oil palm plantations, they are considered as pests. There is lack of studies on termite communities in converted peatlands in Peninsular Malaysia. Thus, this study investigated termite species associated with oil palm stands in three soil types (clay, shallow peat and deep peat) in Endau Rompin Plantation. The stand scouting method was used to record the numbers and types of termites associated with palm trees in the individual stands on different soil types. A total of 29 termite species associated with the palm stands were identified morphologically. All the species belonged to the families Rhinotermitidae and Termitidae. Twenty-three of the 29 species were found in the shallow peat, 16 in clay soil and 15 in deep peat. The community structure was synthesized by two-way cluster analysis with Sorensen (Bray Curtis) distance measure. Five termite groups associated with two soil types (clay soil and shallow/deep peat) were generated. Moisture levels and organic content were likely to determine the presence of soil feeders identified in the presence study. This study provides information on the status of termite species in oil palm plantation areas. Such information may be useful in future planning strategies by the plantation management.

Orb-web building spiders choose quality microhabitat to optimise foraging success. In this study, web-site selection of 12 tetragnathid species was investigated to determine its influence on the web characteristics. The two most significant variables were web size and the web height from ground (web-site). Statistical analyses showed that some tetragnathid species that coexist within the same habitat had very little clustering in terms of web characteristics, while other species showed many similarities. This study on the web characteristics provides an insight into the tetragnathid species� ability to respond to different habitats and develop niches. Using the web characteristic variables in the principal component analyses (PCA), individuals of conspecifics clustered together instead of mixtures of individuals from different species. This finding suggests that tetragnathid spiders exhibit niche partitioning in some habitats and their web characteristics may determine the web placement in a particular habitat type.