2022 SAIS (Extended Abstract)

Malaysia merupakan negara berbilang kaum yang mempunyai populasi Muslim sebagai majoriti. Menurut bancian pada tahun 2020, kira-kira 63.5 peratus daripada 32.4 juta populasi rakyat Malaysia adalah beragama Islam. Keadaan ini telah menarik para penggiat industri untuk menghasilkan produk halal yang pelbagai seterusnya meningkatkan persaingan di kalangan mereka. Pelbagai cara pemasaran telah digunakan bagi menarik perhatian pengguna termasuklah dengan menggunakan nama atau atribut Islam di dalam pemasaran produk halal tersebut. Timbul persoalan sama ada unsur-unsur Islam ini bebas digunakan tanpa sebarang kawalan oleh pihak berkuasa agama di Malaysia serta apa perspektif Islam tentang isu ini. Objektif kertas kerja ini adalah meneliti fatwa-fatwa yang sedia ada di Malaysia berkaitan dengan isu tersebut. Bagi menjawab persoalan ini, fatwa -fatwa sedia ada adalah dirujuk memandangkan Institusi Mufti memainkan peranan penting dalam membuat undang-undang berkaitan hal ehwal Islam. Kajian ini merupakan kajian kualitatif menggunakan kaedah keperpustakaan dengan meneliti himpunan fatwa-fatwa sedia ada sama ada yang telah digazetkan atau tidak. Terdapat kelompongan dari sudut fatwa yang dapat memberi jawapan khusus mengenai status penggunaan ini serta sejauh mana praktik ini dibenarkan. Oleh yang demikian, berdasarkan kaedah sadd az-zariah, bagi menjaga kesucian agama Islam, satu fatwa atau garis panduan adalah diperlukan bagi mengawal penggunaan atribut Islam dalam pemasaran produk halal.

Sektor pelancongan halal semakin mendapat perhatian dunia kerana potensi pasaran yang besar serta pertumbuhan pasaran yang baik dan meyakinkan. Justeru, pemain industri yang terlibat perlu aktif dalam meneroka peluang yang tersedia terutamanya dalam penggunaan aplikasi digital yang optimum. Antara faktor utama perkembangan sektor ini ialah analisis populasi generasi milenium dan Generasi Z, serta teknologi yang akan meningkatkan akses kepada maklumat pelancongan. Oleh itu, kajian ini akan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif bagi mendapatkan maklumat berkenaan penggunaan pemasaran digital di kalangan penyedia pelancongan halal serta pelancong Muslim di Malaysia. Hasil dapatan kajian diharap dapat memberi gambaran tentang penggunaan pemasaran digital terkini supaya penambahbaikan dapat dibuat serta strategi yang tepat dapat dilaksanakan oleh pemain industri pelancongan halal terutamanya di Malaysia.

This paper aims to review the use cases of AI applications implemented in Islamic financial institutions across the globe to get some understanding on how AI can be applied in real business environment of providing Shariah compliant financial services. To get real industry examples, the study utilizes content analysis method in reviewing Islamic financial technology reports and related news. The findings indicate that Islamic financial institutions across the globe have incorporated AI based digital innovations in general operations. However, AI applications in the Shariah compliance aspect is still limited. A more coordinated collaboration among academics and Islamic finance industry players with respective Shariah and technology backgrounds is crucial to unleash the potential of AI applications in Shariah compliance of Islamic finance.

Since December 2019, Covid-19 infections have been threatening the balance of human lifetime in a number of areas, including the health care system, the economy, psychological characteristics, and the education gap. Millions of people, around the globe today, who survives from Covid-19 pandemic indeed struggling to live in a post-Covid complexities condition, particularly those who are having pre-existing comorbid conditions which include complicated congenital and genetic disorders (CGD). CGD event occurs out of chromosomal aberrations which may cause the congenital malformation and mental handicap since birth. Some studies show that some congenital and genetical disorders have great association with Covid-19 pandemic; although it may not have much significant physical effect, it is rather psychologically reflected and may pose a high-index of severity of Covid-19 complications and led to catastrophic event if not thread carefully. Some of these (CGD), are rare diseases which pose asymmetrical from different context toward the objective of preservation of live (hifz al-nafs), preservation of lineage (hifz al-nasl) and preservation of health (hifz al-sihhah). Covid-19 envisioned a difficult situation during and post COVID-19 pandemic, thus the bird’s -eye view through the maqasid syariah's is crucial. Herein, this qualitative methodology which using document review method will highlight a conceptual and practical gap within the health care management addressing some congenital and genetical disorders with Covid-19 pandemic, hoping that it will foster the higher objective of Islamic law from maqasid frameworks in a great deliberation in a way may create a model of handling congenital and genetical disorders’ (CGD) association and interaction with covid-19 and its health care management during pandemic.

Water contamination is a critical issue in plant growth since the contaminated water can cause abnormality to the plants when phototoxicity occurs. Phytotoxicity can happen when plants use contaminated water for photosynthesis because anything chemical would cause an adverse reaction. For organic contaminants, samples from ammonium nitrate and pesticides are tested and the absorbance peak for contaminants are 363nm and 361nm respectively. Besides that, the heavy metal sample is prepared by mixing up white powder of zinc oxide with water to produce a concentrated heavy metal solution with an absorbance peak at 405nm. Lake water from Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM) that are used for irrigation systems also are collected to check any organic or heavy metal contaminants. The Ocean Optic spectrometer shows an absorbance peak at 361nm, while the low-cost spectrometer lies between 300nm to 400nm. The absorbance spectrum in this region shows the highest peak excitation of organic particles. It proves that pesticides are organic contaminants and the presence of this compound in water used for irrigation systems can cause abnormality in the plants growth. Therefore, appropriate, and systematic water supplies are indispensable in agricultural production systems to produce healthy growing plants for consumers.

Under Malaysia Digital Economic Blueprint, bringing Malaysians to adopt financial technology (FinTech) becomes one of the agendas of achieving regional champions of the digital economy. This quantitative study brings a small contribution to the nation by getting feedback from the public on their perception towards paying Zakat Fitrah via FinTech. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model was applied as the underpinning theory for realising the determining factors. 444 respondents among civil servants in Putrajaya were answering the online survey questionnaire. In the end, performance expectancy is the only exogenous that is significant and correlate with the behavioural intention as the endogenous.

This study focuses on development of Shariah governance and audit in Islamic Cooperatives in Malaysia. Suruhanjaya Koperasi Malaysia (SKM) governs Islamic cooperatives, which aim to stimulate the development of co-operatives in accordance with Shariah. SKM provides guidelines for Islamic cooperatives to manage the operation of institutions. The development of Shariah governance and audit is essential to complement the Shariah compliance mechanism that already in place and practised internally in the microfinance institutions. Strong regulations, framework and guidelines are needed to uphold the practice of Shariah compliance. Roundtable discussions was used as methodology of the study with the industry practitioners in Islamic Cooperatives. Apart from that, this study also used current guidelines in Islamic Cooperatives as benchmarking practices. SKM published few guidelines related to Shariah governance to assist the operation of cooperatives. Based on the finding, there is an existence of gap in regulation, framework, and guidelines in governing Shariah compliance principles in Islamic Cooperatives. This is crucial since regulation, framework and guidelines in Shariah governance and audit in Islamic Cooperatives will increase the level of trust of the stakeholders that the activities and operations are Shariah-compliant. Also, giving the standardize framework it will contribute towards managing the risk of the microfinance institutions and, within the grander scheme of things, contribute to the growth of the industry and the economy by providing adequate disclosure for the stakeholders to make informed decisions.

There are many different counselling supervision theories, however two of the most widely used theories are the Discrimination Model and the Integrated Developmental Model. The goal of supervision is to produce competent counsellor, so an outline of supervisee behaviours is created by the supervisor for them to establish counsellor competency. The goal of this paper is to compare and contrast the two different theories especially with related to its applicability in the Malaysian context. Further research is needed in order to fully understand the applicability of both theories in Malaysia.

This paper seeks to review the literature trends on employee performance publications in the recent 5 years (2018-2022) using bibliometric analysis. 1338 full-paper journal articles that were downloaded indexed by SCOPUS have been analysed. The selection criteria also include the recent 5 years publication from 2018- 2022, with English only language. It was found that Indonesia, China, USA, India and Malaysia have been the top country producing employee productivity research articles and Journal of Frontiers in Psychology has the highest publications among other top journals. Employee productivity in terms of country wise, Malaysia still has a long way to climb the ladder and be at par with the top-notch countries.

This paper seeks to review Financial Stress literature. Using bibliometric analysis, 690 full-paper articles from an open access journals indexed by SCOPUS have been selected. The selection criteria also include the recent five years publication from 2018- 2022, with English only language. It was found that USA have been the top country producing financial stress research articles and Journal of Affective Disorders has the highest publications among other top journals. Financial Stress Country wise, Malaysia still has a long way to climb the ladder and be at par with the top-notch countries.

“Without the integrity, halal world would be tarnished”. In Islam, the values-based principles instilled on the character and beliefs as the acting is all accountable in a holistic approach. However, concerns have been aroused on the individuality awareness towards sustainable tourism, in particularly, the role of khalifah in sustain the excess of the study on such matter. This study uses qualitative approaches and content analysis to identify new themes in the halal integrity issue. The outcomes determined four major components which can be affecting halal integrity towards sustainable tourism such as responsibility, trust, morality, and ethics. The accomplishment of this research makes a significant contribution to the sustainable tourism by highlighting the importance of halal integrity and concentrating on global challenges that should be supported by Islamic values.

This paper aims to review the halal literature in the consumer study. Using a bibliometric approach, we collected 542 articles published between 2001 to 2021 from journals indexed in the Scopus database. RStudio and Microsoft Excel were used to analyse the data. It was found that Malaysia has been the top country that produces halal research articles, and the Journal of Islamic Marketing has the highest publications among the top journals. The trend of halal research in consumer study keeps increasing over the year, with an average growth rate of 23.5% and this trend is expected to grow over the next decade.

Social marketing is an important concept that influences the behaviour of individuals and changes their habits, based on evidence and marketing campaigns targeting people in order to raise awareness and improve the course of their behaviour for the better. This study aims to clarify the impact of social marketing on the behaviour of the Emirati citizen in light of the events of the spread of the Corona virus, based on the study and comparison of previous scientific studies that showed that social marketing influences the behaviour of individuals. Through the extent of benefit from marketing campaigns, and in light of the spread of this epidemic, there are some habits that the Emirati citizen needs to modify. The study recommended decision makers in UAE to employ social marketing in all its dimensions to influence the behaviour of the Emirati citizen to adhere to the new instructions that reduce the risk of the spread of this deadly disease and to dispense with some traditional behaviours that contradict the recommendations of the World Health Organization regarding the behaviour of individuals with each other, relying on broadcasting Social marketing campaigns that combine traditional and modern methods to include all segments of Emirati society.

Among the main factors that led to the complaints are delays and length of time in resolving dispute at the Syariah court (W.A Wan Adnan & A.H Buang, 2021). Due to these challenges in litigation process at Syariah Court that eventually Muslim community urges to have a better mechanism to resolve dispute at Syariah Court (N. Abdul Hak. 2021). The introduction of Sulh at the Syariah Court under the Syariah Judiciary Department to resolve cases involving Islamic matters (mainly commercial and family) for Muslims that are governed under Syariah Court Civil Procedure has attempted to address the demand of Muslim community for a better dispute resolution to a litigation process (R. Ramli et al., 2020). Although Sulh is voluntary process, the outcome of Sulh is legally binding (W.A Wan Adnan dan A.H Buang, 2021), therefore parties can enforce the settlement achieved in Sulh via settlement agreement prepared by the Sulh officer through court order. The aim of this research paper is to evaluate the implementation and challenges of Sulh at the Syariah Court prior and post pandemic Covid 19 including the procedures, laws, functions, and developments of Sulh. In addition, this research paper will propose a recommendation to overcome the challenges that have arisen.

Kebebasan media dari dulu hingga kini masih sering dipersoalkan. Persoalan tentang ketelusan dan konten yang dikawal di Malaysia banyak membicarakan tentang isu pemilikan agensi media itu sendiri serta kepentingan pemegang sahamnya. Namun, apakah yang membezakan media Malaysia dengan negara lain? Apakah keperluan kepada limitasi yang berupa kawalan konten ini? Kertas ini membincangkan tentang keperluan kawalan konten dalam media di Malaysia dari segi konteks sosial di mana masyarakatnya terdiri daripada pelbagai kaum dan agama. Melalui temuduga bersama 10 orang pengamal media di Utusan Malaysia dan The Star, satu analysis telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan perisian Nvivo melalui pembahagian tema dari konteks sosial. Dapatan kajian mendapati betapa perlunya kawalan konten dalam berita yang ditulis di media berikutan perbezaan yang terdapat dalam lapisan masyarakat majmuknya. Dapatan ini diharap dapat membuka minda orang ramai tentang keperluan kawalan ini mengikut situasi dan keadaan yang berbeza.

Pencapaian akademik yang baik melambangkan kecemerlangan bagi setiap pelajar. Namun, dalam mencapai kecemerlangan tersebut, antara aspek penting yang harus dihadapi oleh pelajar adalah kebolehan mengawal kebimbangan menghadapi ujian. Justeru, kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara kebimbangan menghadapi ujian dan pencapaian bahasa Arab dalam kalangan pelajar tahun tiga kaunseling, Fakulti Kepimpinan dan Pengurusan, USIM. Kajian ini merupakan kajian kuantitatif menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan korelasi melalui perisian Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) versi 26. Seramai 80 orang pelajar dalam lingkungan umur 18 - 26 tahun ke atas telah dipilih melalui kaedah persampelan bertujuan. Soal selidik yang dikendalikan sendiri untuk kegunaan pengumpulan data yang merangkumi Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI) dan skor pencapaian bahasa Arab dalam peperiksaan. Hasil dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa terdapat korelasi yang signifikan (r (80) = .035, p <.05) antara kebimbangan menghadapi ujian dan pencapaian bahasa Arab dalam kalangan pelajar kaunseling tahun 3 yang dikaji. Konklusinya, kajian ini dapat memberi kesedaran dan menggalakkan pelajar membuat persediaan lebih awal sekaligus dapat mengurangkan kebimbangan menghadapi ujian. Sebaiknya pencapaian bahasa Arab ditingkatkan dengan bimbingan melalui program bimbingan dan kaunseling akademik yang harus diaktifkan di setiap fakulti terutama sebelum peperiksaan.

Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia merekodkan pada tahun 2019 bahawa 2.3 peratus dalam kalangan orang dewasa mengalami masalah mental manakala 9.5 peratus dalam kalangan kategori kanak-kanak berusia 10 hingga 15 tahun menghadapi masalah kesihatan mental yang membimbangkan. Pelbagai metod dan pendekatan diketengahkan antara yang popular ialah sesi kaunseling. Berdasarkan metod kajian pembacaan dan temubual yang dilaksanakan, kajian akan memberi fokus kepada keperluan mendesak yang wajar disegerakan oleh pihak sekolah dengan arahan dari Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. Kajian ini mencadangkan mewujudkan ruang terapi dengan bantuan alatan teknologi sebagai alternatif kepada kaedah kaunseling yang sering dipandang serong oleh sebahagian murid sekolah. Ruang terapi ini mencadangkan penampilan tempat rehat yang futuristik serta disediakan alat bantuan pandang dengar 3D iaitu virtual reality (VR). Kajian juga mencadangkan agar penggunaan ruangan atau bilik khas ini dibuka kepada sesiapa sahaja yang mengalami masalah yang berkaitan mental dan emosi di sekolah-sekolah untuk mengurangkan tekanan yang dialami. Dapatan utama menjangkakan dengan adanya ruang ini akan membantu mengurangkan risiko remaja sekolah yang bermasalah emosi serta mampu menarik minat mereka untuk hadir ke sekolah. Kesimpulan yang diperolehi menunjukkan bahawa ruang terapi dengan penampilan yang santai, menarik serta penggunaan teknologi visual dan audio mampu meminimumkan tekanan emosi serta masalah kesihatan mental yang lain.

Institusi kekeluargaan di Malaysia dilihat semakin goyah dan hampir musnah disebabkan konflik rumahtangga yang gagal diselesaikan oleh ahlinya. Hal ini dapat dilihat melalui peningkatan kes dalam isu-isu membabitkan masalah institusi kekeluargaan di Malaysia. Bahkan, kes perceraian, keganasan rumahtangga dan penderaan kanak-kanak di Malaysia merekodkan peningkatan yang luar biasa pada tahun 2020. Lembaga Pembangunan Penduduk dan Keluarga Negara (LPPKN) telah melaporkan Indeks Kesejahteraan Keluarga Malaysia pada tahun 2019 masih kekal pada tahap sederhana iaitu 7.72. Terdapat pelbagai aspek yang perlu dikaji dalam pengurusan konflik rumahtangga bagi mencapai kesejahteraan keluarga sejajar dengan matlamat konsep keluarga Malaysia. Justeru, penulisan kertas konsep (conceptual paper) ini memberi tumpuan kepada kerangka konsep keluarga Malaysia sebagai satu kaedah mengatasi konflik rumahtangga. Metod kajian ini adalah berdasarkan kajian kualitatif melalui reka bentuk kertas kerja konsep (concept paper) dengan penggunaan teknik analisis kandungan dokumen. Dapatan kajian mendapati bahawa terdapat tiga konsep utama dalam keluarga Malaysia iaitu keterangkuman, kebersamaan dan kesyukuran yang boleh diaplikasikan dalam sesebuah keluarga bagi mengatasi dan mencegah konflik yang berlaku. Kesejahteraan keluarga amatlah penting dalam menggapai kesejahteraan kendiri dalam setiap diri ahlinya yang merupakan aspek penting dalam proses pembangunan negara. Oleh itu, kajian ini amatlah penting sebagai garis panduan kepada badan bertanggungjawab di Malaysia dalam memacu dan melahirkan keluarga sejahtera.

Malaysia should focus on the elderly agenda before facing the status of an aging nation by 2030. Thus, there is a need to re-imagine the future of quality aging in Malaysia to provide proper avenues for older persons to lead a quality life. One of the ways in ensuring quality aging amongst the elderly is through education or learning at a later stage. Nevertheless, learning has not been the priority agenda for the senior citizens in Malaysia. This study, therefore, focuses to analyse the education rights and lifelong learning policy for senior citizens. This study is conducted using qualitative legal study, through document analysis. The outcome of this study shall assist the authority, government agencies, community, and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in making education and learning the main agenda in ensuring active aging amongst the elderly in Malaysia. Studies on how to facilitate Malaysian elderly in exercising their rights to education are recommended to be explored in the future.

The direction of the Qibla is the direction of the city of Makkah which is one of the legal conditions for performing prayer. Spherical trigonometry a branch of Mathematics plays a critical role in determining the direction of Qibla. This paper presents a trigonometry formula to calculate the direction of Qibla at the Tamhidi Centre at Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM). The calculated value of the Qibla azimuth of Tamhidi Centre, USIM is 2923544.44 (from the north).